ABSTRACT

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing is one of the most prevalent post-transcriptional RNA modifications in metazoan. This reaction is catalysed by enzymes called adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). RNA editing is involved in the regulation of protein function and gene expression. The numerous A-to-I editing sites have been identified in both coding and non-coding RNA transcripts. These editing sites are also found in various genes expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and play an important role in neurological development and brain function. Aberrant regulation of RNA editing has been associated with the pathogenesis of neurological and psychiatric disorders, suggesting the physiological significance of RNA editing in the CNS. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of editing on neurological disease and development.

摘要

腺苷到肌苷 (A-to-I) 编辑是后生动物中最普遍的转录后 RNA 修饰之一。该反应由作用于 RNA 的称为腺苷脱氨酶 (ADAR) 的酶催化。RNA编辑涉及蛋白质功能和基因表达的调节。已在编码和非编码 RNA 转录本中鉴定出众多的 A-to-I 编辑位点。这些编辑位点也存在于中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中表达的各种基因中，并在神经发育和大脑功能中发挥重要作用。RNA 编辑的异常调节与神经和精神疾病的发病机制有关，这表明 RNA 编辑在 CNS 中的生理意义。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了当前关于神经系统疾病和发展的编辑知识。