BACKGROUND Reversible lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC) with viral infections are associated mainly with clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS). We report a pediatric patient in thyroid crisis with reversible SCC lesions. CASE DESCRIPTION We diagnosed a 9-year-old girl with thyroid crisis. She had presented with fever, tachycardia, and impaired consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed hyperintense signals in the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum and a white matter lesion of the left hemisphere in diffusion-weighted imaging. The initial, tentative diagnosis was clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS). We initiated intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy; thereafter, her level of consciousness rapidly improved. On admission, thyroid function studies revealed elevation of free thyroxine and a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone with thyroid-related autoantibodies. She was begun on thiamazole and was discharged without neurological sequelae. CONCLUSION Thyroid crisis is similar to acute encephalitis or encephalopathy associated with viral infection, especially with MERS, because the clinical and radiological features resemble those of thyroid crisis; therefore, thyroid diseases should be considered as a possible cause of reversible lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum.

中文翻译：

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模拟临床轻度脑炎/脑病伴可逆性脾病变的甲状腺危象：儿科病例报告

背景具有病毒感染的胼胝体(SCC) 脾的可逆病变主要与具有可逆脾病变(MERS) 的临床轻度脑炎/脑病有关。我们报告了一名患有甲状腺危象的儿科患者，患有可逆的 SCC 病变。病例描述 我们诊断出一名 9 岁女孩患有甲状腺危象。她出现发烧、心动过速和意识障碍。磁共振成像显示胼胝体胼胝体压部和膝部高信号，弥散加权成像显示左半球白质病变。初步初步诊断为临床轻度脑炎/脑病伴可逆性脾损害 (MERS)。我们开始静脉注射甲基强的松龙冲击疗法；此后，她的意识水平迅速提升。入院时，甲状腺功能检查显示游离甲状腺素升高，促甲状腺激素水平低，甲状腺相关自身抗体。她开始服用噻唑啉并出院，没有神经系统后遗症。结论 甲状腺危象类似于急性脑炎或病毒感染相关脑病，尤其是 MERS，因为其临床和影像学特征与甲状腺危象相似；因此，应将甲状腺疾病视为胼胝体压部可逆性病变的可能原因。结论 甲状腺危象类似于急性脑炎或病毒感染相关脑病，尤其是 MERS，因为其临床和影像学特征与甲状腺危象相似；因此，应将甲状腺疾病视为胼胝体压部可逆病变的可能原因。结论 甲状腺危象类似于急性脑炎或病毒感染相关脑病，尤其是 MERS，因为其临床和影像学特征与甲状腺危象相似；因此，应将甲状腺疾病视为胼胝体压部可逆病变的可能原因。