Metabolic Brain Disease ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00660-w Cristina Martins-Silva 1, 2, 3 , Natalie de Souza Pinho 2 , Glenda G Ferreira 2, 3 , Rafael Moraes Aguiar 2, 3 , Tamara Alarcon Ferreira 1 , Rita G W Pires 1, 3 , Tiago Tizziani 4 , Moacir G Pizzolatti 4 , Adair R S Santos 5
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Stroke is considered one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The treatment is limited; however, the Brazilian flora has a great source of natural products with therapeutic potentials. Studies with the medicinal plant Polygala sabulosa W. Bennett provided evidence for its use as an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective drug. In the case of ischemic stroke due to lack of oxygen, both acute and chronic inflammatory processes are activated. Thus, we hypothesized that P. sabulosa (HEPs) has the potential to treat the motor and cognitive deficits generated by ischemic stroke. Male mice were subjected to global ischemia for 60 min, followed by reperfusion and orally treated with HEPs (100 mg/kg in saline + 3% tween 20) twice a day (12 h apart) for 48 h starting 3 h after surgery. Motor skills were assessed using grip force and open field tasks. Hippocampi were then collected for mRNA quantification of the cytokines IL-1-β and TNF-α levels. After 48 h of acute treatment, spatial reference memory was evaluated in a Morris water maze test for another group of animals. We show that HEPs treatment significantly prevented motor weakness induced by ischemia. Brain infarct area was reduced by 22.25% with downregulation of the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA. Learning performance and memory ability on Morris water maze task were similar to the sham group. Our data demonstrates the neuroprotective properties of HEPs through its anti-inflammatory activities, which prevent motor and cognitive impairments, suggesting that HEPs may be an effective therapy for ischemic stroke.
Graphical abstract
中文翻译：
远志 AW Bennett 提取物减轻急性缺血小鼠模型的运动和认知缺陷
中风被认为是全世界死亡的主要原因之一。治疗是有限的；然而，巴西植物群拥有大量具有治疗潜力的天然产品。对药用植物远志W. Bennett 的研究为其用作抗炎和神经保护药物提供了证据。在由于缺氧引起的缺血性中风的情况下，急性和慢性炎症过程都被激活。因此，我们假设P. sabulosa(HEP) 具有治疗缺血性中风引起的运动和认知缺陷的潜力。雄性小鼠全身缺血 60 分钟，然后再灌注并口服 HEP（100 毫克/千克盐水 + 3% 吐温 20）每天两次（间隔 12 小时），持续 48 小时，从手术后 3 小时开始。使用握力和野外任务评估运动技能。然后收集海马用于细胞因子 IL-1-β 和 TNF-α 水平的 mRNA 定量。急性治疗 48 小时后，在莫里斯水迷宫试验中评估另一组动物的空间参考记忆。我们表明，HEPs 治疗显着防止了缺血引起的运动无力。随着 IL-1β 和 TNF-α mRNA 水平的下调，脑梗死面积减少了 22.25%。Morris水迷宫任务的学习表现和记忆能力与假手术组相似。我们的数据通过其抗炎活性证明了 HEP 的神经保护特性，可防止运动和认知障碍，表明 HEP 可能是缺血性中风的有效疗法。
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