Purpose: A sustainable return to work (S-RTW) following prolonged work disability poses different challenges, depending on gender. This article provides a synthesis of gender differences in the issues and factors influencing the S-RTW of workers following such a disability. Methods: Using an interpretive description method, an integrative review was conducted of the literature on gender differences in S-RTW issues and factors associated with four major causes of work disability. The initial review concerned the 2000–2016 literature; it was subsequently updated for November 2016–March 2020. To explore and contextualise the results, four focus groups were held with stakeholders representing the workplace, insurance, and healthcare systems and workers. Qualitative thematic analysis was performed. Results: A total of 47 articles were reviewed, and 35 stakeholders participated in the focus groups. The prevailing traditional gender roles were found to have a major gender-specific influence on the attitudes, behaviours, processes and outcomes associated with S-RTW. These differences related to the (1) cumulative workload, (2) work engagement, and (3) expressed and addressed needs. Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of taking into account both professional and personal aspects when integrating gender issues into the assessment of workers' needs and subsequently into interventions.

目的：长期工作残疾后的可持续重返工作岗位 (S-RTW) 会带来不同的挑战，具体取决于性别。本文综合了影响此类残疾后工人 S-RTW 的问题和因素中的性别差异。方法：使用解释性描述方法，对有关 S-RTW 问题的性别差异以及与工作残疾的四个主要原因相关的因素的文献进行综合审查。初步审查涉及 2000-2016 年的文献；随后更新为 2016 年 11 月至 2020 年 3 月。为了探索和背景化结果，与代表工作场所、保险和医疗保健系统和工人的利益相关者举行了四个焦点小组。进行了定性主题分析。结果：共审查了47篇文章，35名利益相关者参加了焦点小组。发现盛行​​的传统性别角色对与 S-RTW 相关的态度、行为、过程和结果具有重大的性别影响。这些差异与 (1) 累积工作量、(2) 工作投入以及 (3) 表达和解决的需求有关。结论：结果强调了在将性别问题纳入工人需求评估并随后纳入干预措施时考虑专业和个人方面的重要性。