Air pollution is partly due to the emission of toxic sulfur and nitrogen oxides during fuel combustion. Therefore, these compounds should be removed from fuels. For that, ionic liquids have been recently developed to extract sulfur and nitrogen compounds from petroleum and fuels. Ionic liquids can extract S- and N-containing compounds either simultaneously or selectively. Ionic liquids usage appears better than classical desulfurization and denitrogenation processes due to the efficiency and selectivity of ionic liquids. Here we review methods for desulfurization and denitrogenation with focus on extraction by ionic liquids, and their regeneration and recycling. We also discuss limitations of ionic liquids, such as environmental biodegradation, bioaccumulation and corrosivity.

空气污染部分归因于燃料燃烧过程中排放的有毒硫和氮氧化物。因此，应从燃料中去除这些化合物。为此，最近开发了离子液体以从石油和燃料中提取硫和氮化合物。离子液体可以同时或选择性地提取含S和N的化合物。由于离子液体的效率和选择性，离子液体的使用似乎比传统的脱硫和脱氮工艺更好。在这里，我们将对脱硫和脱氮方法进行综述，重点是离子液体的提取及其再生和再循环。我们还讨论了离子液体的局限性，例如环境生物降解，生物累积和腐蚀性。