This paper is concerned with the existence of chaos for a type of partial difference equations. We establish four chaotification schemes for partial difference equations with tangent and cotangent functions, in which the systems are shown to be chaotic in the sense of Li–Yorke or of both Li–Yorke and Devaney. For illustration, we provide three examples are provided.

中文翻译：

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通过切函数和共切函数求偏差分方程的混沌存在性。

本文关注一类偏差分方程的混沌性。我们为具有切线和共切函数的偏差分方程建立了四种混沌化方案，其中系统在Li-Yorke或Li-Yorke和Devaney的意义上都表现为混沌。为了说明，我们提供了三个示例。