The burden of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight is considerable across the world. Several risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes have been identified. One risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes receiving considerable attention in recent years is gestational exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Humans are exposed to a multitude of environmental chemicals with known endocrine-disrupting properties, and evidence suggests exposure to these EDCs have the potential to disrupt the maternal-fetal environment culminating in adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. This review addresses the impact of maternal and fetal exposure to environmental EDCs of natural and man-made chemicals in disrupting the maternal-fetal milieu in human leading to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes—a risk factor for adult-onset noncommunicable diseases, the role lifestyle and environmental factors play in mitigating or amplifying the effects of EDCs, the underlying mechanisms and mediators involved, and the research directions on which to focus future investigations to help alleviate the adverse effects of EDC exposure.

中文翻译：

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妊娠中断——内分泌干扰化学物质的影响


早产和低出生体重等不良妊娠结局的负担在全世界范围内都相当大。已经确定了不良妊娠结局的几个危险因素。近年来受到广泛关注的不良妊娠结局的危险因素之一是妊娠期接触内分泌干扰物（EDC）。人类接触多种已知具有内分泌干扰特性的环境化学物质，有证据表明接触这些内分泌干扰物有可能破坏母婴环境，最终导致不良妊娠和分娩结果。本综述讨论了母体和胎儿接触天然和人造化学物质的环境 EDC 对破坏人类母体-胎儿环境、导致不良妊娠和分娩结果的影响——这是成人发病的非传染性疾病、角色生活方式的危险因素。环境因素在减轻或放大 EDC 的影响方面所起的作用、所涉及的潜在机制和介质，以及未来研究的重点研究方向，以帮助减轻 EDC 暴露的不利影响。