Journal of Environmental Radioactivity ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106525 Mohammad Al-Oudat , Lina Al Attar , Ibrahim Othman
This study focuses on evaluating the transfer factor (Fv) of 137Cs and 90Sr from two basic soil types in the country, i.e. Aridisol and Inceptisol, to 18 common crops belong to six groups, i.e. cereals, leafy, non-leafy vegetables, tubers, leguminous fodder and leguminous vegetables. In addition, the variation of Fvs of 137Cs and 90Sr with crop components, growth stages of plants and the influence of mineral fertilisation were investigated. The experiments were performed in an open field and the results were expressed as geometric means.
The data revealed that Fvs of both radionuclides were higher in Aridisol than Inceptisol for all crops by about 1.03–4.86 fold. Fvs of 90Sr were more enhanced than those of 137Cs by one or two orders of magnitude despite plant group and soil type, e.g. Fvs ranged 0.12–5.2 for 90Sr and 0.0035–0.26 for 137Cs in the vegetative portion of the crops.
Among the six crop groups investigated, cereals gave the lowest Fvs for both radionuclides, which is compatible with the data reported worldwide. The average Fvs observed in cereal grains reached 0.001 for 137Cs and 0.017 for 90Sr, in Inceptisol. However, Jew-mallow (one of the major leafy vegetables in the country that is consumed throughout the year) reflected the highest Fvs for 137Cs and 90Sr, i.e. 0.11 and 2.44 in Inceptisol, respectively. Comparing Fvs of the radionuclides through the growing stages of the plants indicated enhanced values at the mid-season than harvest as a consequence of the decrease of the physiological activity of the plants towards maturation and dilution made by the increase of plant biomass; e.g. Fvs dropped to about 3.0 fold for 137Cs and 2.2 for 90Sr, in Aridisol. Mineral fertilisation of soil (for four crops, i.e. sorghum, barley, spinach and alfalfa) reduced Fvs for both radionuclides to an extent of 30% probably because of the competing action of their stable nutrient analogues NH4+, K+ or Ca2+ or because of growth dilution.
The data presented herein would form a baseline when decision of land-investment or phytoremediation is the preferable countermeasure for the management of 137Cs and 90Sr-contaminated soil in semi-arid environment.
中文翻译:
半干旱环境中137 Cs和90 Sr向多种农作物的转移因子
本研究的重点评估转移因子(˚F v)的137 Cs和90在该国两个基本的土壤类型,即Aridisol和Inceptisol SR,对18种常用作物同属六组,即谷类,叶菜类,非叶菜类蔬菜,块茎,豆类饲料和豆类蔬菜。此外,还研究了137 Cs和90 Sr的F v s随作物成分,植物的生长阶段以及矿物施肥的影响而变化。实验在空旷的地方进行,结果以几何平均值表示。
数据显示,在所有作物中,阿里地索中两种放射性核素的F v均高于Inceptisol,约为1.03-4.86倍。˚F v号第90锶被超过的那些增强的137个Cs的数量级的一个或两个数量级,尽管植物组和土壤类型,例如˚F v S表示介于0.12-5.2 90 Sr和0.0035-0.26为137个在营养部分Cs的的农作物。
在所调查的六个农作物类别中,谷物的两种放射性核素的F v s最低,这与全世界报道的数据相符。在Inceptisol中,谷物的平均F v s在137 Cs下达到0.001 ,在90 Sr下达到0.017 。然而,犹太锦葵(该国全年主要食用的多叶蔬菜之一)在137 Cs和90 Sr上显示出最高的F v s,在Inceptisol中分别为0.11和2.44。比较F v通过植物生长阶段的放射性核素表明,由于植物生物量的增加,植物对成熟和稀释的生理活性降低,结果是收获期比收获期增加。例如,在Aridisol中,对于137 Cs,F v下降至约3.0倍,对于90 Sr,F v下降至2.2倍。土壤的矿物肥料(对于四种作物,即高粱,大麦,菠菜和苜蓿)对两种放射性核素的F v s降低了30%,这可能是由于它们的稳定营养类似物NH 4 +,K +或Ca的竞争作用。2+或由于生长稀释。
当土地投资或植物修复的决策是在半干旱环境中管理137 Cs和90 Sr污染土壤的首选对策时,此处提供的数据将成为基准。