Abstract

The objective of this work is to optimize a new method of unused chokeberries application in food industries, based on the encapsulation by spray drying, co-crystallization, and ionic gelation of their phenolic extract. For each method, the effects of various parameters on efficiency and yield were studied and the optimum operating conditions were predicted. In the spray drying method, the optimum values of encapsulation efficiency (99.6%) and yield (31.9%) were achieved with a ratio of wall to core of 9.0, an air temperature of 190 °C, an air rate of 19.25 m³/h, and maltodextrin:skim milk powder (50:50) as encapsulating agent. The optimum efficiency of co-crystallization (96.3%) was achieved with a solids concentration of extract of 35 ^oBrix and a ratio of dry extract to sucrose of 0.7. In the ionic gelation, the optimum conditions (efficiency of 94.2%) were: concentration of sodium alginate solution of 2.0% w/w, concentration of calcium chloride solution of 2.5% w/v, and concentration of extract of 20.0% w/w. Powders encapsulated at the optimum conditions were analyzed for moisture content, bulk density, wetting time, hygroscopicity, color, sorption isotherm, release kinetics, and morphology. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity and stability of the extracts were evaluated during storage.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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通过喷雾干燥，共结晶和离子凝胶法封装未使用的苦莓的提取物

摘要

这项工作的目的是基于通过喷雾干燥，共结晶和将其酚类提取物进行离子凝胶化进行封装，来优化食品工业中未使用的苦莓的新方法。对于每种方法，研究了各种参数对效率和产率的影响，并预测了最佳操作条件。在喷雾干燥法中，以9.0的壁心比，190°C的空气温度，19.25 m ³ /的空气速率获得最佳的包封效率（99.6％）和产率（31.9％）。h，麦芽糖糊精：脱脂奶粉（50:50）作为包封剂。固形物浓度为35 ^o时，最佳共结晶效率（96.3％）糖度，干提取物与蔗糖的比率为0.7。在离子凝胶法中，最佳条件（效率为94.2％）为：藻酸钠溶液的浓度为2.0％w / w，氯化钙溶液的浓度为2.5％w / v，提取液的浓度为20.0％w / w 。分析了在最佳条件下封装的粉末的水分含量，堆积密度，润湿时间，吸湿性，颜色，吸附等温线，释放动力学和形态。此外，在储存过程中评估了提取物的抗氧化能力和稳定性。

图形摘要