High thyroid doses due to Iodine-131 (¹³¹I) intake among individuals exposed in childhood and adolescence to Chernobyl fallout raise questions about their reliability and their impact on the analysis of the radiation-related risk of thyroid cancer and other thyroid diseases in the exposed population. In the present study, an in-depth examination was conducted of thyroid doses from ¹³¹I intake over 5 Gy calculated for 131 subjects of the Belarusian-American cohort of individuals exposed after the Chernobyl accident. Thyroid doses in this cohort study were estimated based on individual radiation measurements of ¹³¹I thyroidal activity and detailed questionnaire data on individual behavior and consumptions of locally produced foodstuffs. Therefore, these doses provide the best basis for assessing reliability. The analysis showed that the result of direct thyroid measurement was mistakenly assigned to three out of 131 study subjects (2.3% of the total), and, therefore, the instrumental thyroid dose for these individuals cannot be correctly estimated. This study confirmed with a high degree of confidence the reliability of thyroid doses due to ¹³¹I intake exceeding 5 Gy that were calculated for the Belarusian-American cohort members.

在儿童和青春期受切尔诺贝利核辐射影响的个体中，由于碘 131 ( ¹³¹ I) 摄入而导致的高甲状腺剂量引发了关于其可靠性及其对暴露人群中甲状腺癌和其他甲状腺疾病的辐射相关风险分析的影响的问题人口。在本研究中，对切尔诺贝利事故后暴露的白俄罗斯裔美国人队列中的 131 名受试者计算的¹³¹ I 摄入超过 5 Gy的甲状腺剂量进行了深入检查。^{本队列研究中的甲状腺剂量是根据131}人的个体辐射测量值估算的I 甲状腺活动和关于个人行为和当地生产食品消费的详细问卷数据。因此，这些剂量为评估可靠性提供了最佳基础。分析表明，直接甲状腺测量的结果被错误地分配给 131 名研究对象中的 3 名（占总数的 2.3%），因此无法正确估计这些人的仪器甲状腺剂量。这项研究高度自信地证实了根据白俄罗斯裔美国人队列成员计算的^{131 I 摄入量超过 5 Gy 的甲状腺剂量的可靠性。}