We investigated a novel drug delivery system comprising nanoparticles based on chitosan/graphene oxide (GO)/folic acid for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this research, GO is accompanied with chitosan as natural cationic polysaccharide to increase compatibility. First, GO was synthesized, then chitosan was grafted to it by chemical interaction, and then chitosan nanoparticle and GO hybrid nanocomposite were synthesized. The resulting nanocarrier is analyzed via different characterization methods. FTIR and XRD results were used to show the chemical and structural information before and after modification of GO nanocarrier. FESEM image of GO observed showed the nanoparticle was successfully attached on the surface of GO sheets. The thermal decomposition obtained showed that the thermal stability has been extended by the grafted Chitosan chains to GO; also, the highest loading capacity with folic acid was related to graphene oxide–chitosan nanoparticle nanocomposite. Then, folic acid was loaded on nanocarrier and its release was assessed. Results of this research show the combination of chitosan and GO by chemical interaction leading to creating holes, which increase loading to 99.97% and release to 94% for 72 h.

中文翻译：

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设计嵌入氧化石墨烯的壳聚糖纳米颗粒作为药物输送系统

我们研究了一种新型药物递送系统，该系统包含基于壳聚糖/氧化石墨烯 (GO)/叶酸的纳米颗粒，用于靶向递送化疗药物。在这项研究中，GO与作为天然阳离子多糖的壳聚糖一起增加相容性。首先合成GO，然后通过化学相互作用将壳聚糖接枝到其上，然后合成壳聚糖纳米颗粒和GO杂化纳米复合材料。通过不同的表征方法分析所得纳米载体。FTIR和XRD结果用于显示GO纳米载体修饰前后的化学和结构信息。观察到的 GO 的 FESEM 图像显示纳米颗粒成功附着在 GO 片的表面。得到的热分解表明，接枝的壳聚糖链扩展了热稳定性；此外，叶酸的最高负载能力与氧化石墨烯-壳聚糖纳米颗粒纳米复合材料有关。然后，将叶酸负载在纳米载体上并评估其释放。这项研究的结果表明，壳聚糖和 GO 通过化学相互作用的结合导致产生孔洞，在 72 小时内将负载增加到 99.97%，释放到 94%。