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High-intensity monsoon rainfall variability and its attributes: a case study for Upper Ganges Catchment in the Indian Himalaya during 1901–2013
Natural Hazards ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-04431-9
Alok Bhardwaj , Robert J. Wasson , Winston T. L. Chow , Alan D. Ziegler

High-intensity monsoon rainfall in the Indian Himalaya generates multiple environmental hazards. This study examines the variability in long-term trends (1901–2013) in the intensity and frequency of high-intensity monsoon rainfall events of varying depths (high, very high and extreme) in the Upper Ganges Catchment in the Indian Himalaya. Using trend analysis on the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) rainfall dataset, we find statistically significant positive trends in all categories of monsoon rainfall intensity and frequency over the 113-year period. The majority of the trends for both intensity and frequency are spatially located in the Higher Himalayan region encompassing upstream sections of the Mandakini, Alaknanda and Bhagirathi River systems. The extreme rainfall trends for both intensity and frequency are found to be only located in the vicinity of the upstream section of the Mandakini Catchment. Further, we explored the relationship between the Arctic Oscillation (AO) climate system and the frequency of occurrence of high-intensity rainfall events. Results indicate that AO is more likely to influence the occurrence of extreme monsoon events when it has a higher magnitude of negative AO phase. This study will help in better understanding of the influence of climate change at higher latitudes on mid-latitude rainfall extremes, particularly in the Himalayas. The implications of the findings are that statistically significant increasing rainfall depths and frequency in the Higher Himalayan region support the notion of higher frequency of rainfall-induced hazards in the future.



中文翻译:

高强度季风降雨变化及其属性:以印度喜马拉雅山上的恒河上游为例(1901-2013年)

印度喜马拉雅山的高强度季风降雨产生多种环境危害。这项研究调查了印度喜马拉雅山上游恒河集水区不同深度(高,非常高和极端)的高强度季风降雨事件的强度和频率的长期趋势(1901-2013年)的变化。使用印度气象局(IMD)降雨数据集的趋势分析,我们发现113年期间所有类别的季风降雨强度和频率具有统计学意义的正趋势。强度和频率的大部分趋势都在空间上位于喜马拉雅山较高地区,包括曼达基尼河,阿拉克南达河和巴吉拉提河系统的上游部分。发现强度和频率的极端降雨趋势仅位于曼达基尼流域上游部分附近。此外,我们探索了北极涛动(AO)气候系统与高强度降雨事件发生频率之间的关系。结果表明,当AO的负AO相幅值较大时,它更有可能影响极端季风事件的发生。这项研究将有助于更好地理解高纬度地区的气候变化对中纬度极端降雨的影响,特别是在喜马拉雅山。这些发现的意义在于,在喜马拉雅山较高地区,统计学上显着增加的降雨深度和频率支持了未来降雨引起的灾害发生频率更高的概念。我们探讨了北极涛动(AO)气候系统与高强度降雨事件发生频率之间的关系。结果表明,当AO的负AO相幅值较大时,它更有可能影响极端季风事件的发生。这项研究将有助于更好地理解高纬度地区气候变化对中纬度极端降雨的影响,特别是在喜马拉雅山。这些发现的意义在于,在喜马拉雅山较高地区,统计学上显着增加的降雨深度和频率支持了未来降雨引起的灾害发生频率更高的概念。我们探讨了北极涛动(AO)气候系统与高强度降雨事件发生频率之间的关系。结果表明,当AO的负AO相幅值较大时,它更有可能影响极端季风事件的发生。这项研究将有助于更好地理解高纬度地区气候变化对中纬度极端降雨的影响,特别是在喜马拉雅山。这些发现的意义在于,在喜马拉雅山较高地区,统计学上显着增加的降雨深度和频率支持了未来降雨引起的灾害发生频率更高的概念。结果表明,当AO负相位较大时,AO更有可能影响极端季风事件的发生。这项研究将有助于更好地理解高纬度地区气候变化对中纬度极端降雨的影响,特别是在喜马拉雅山。这些发现的意义在于,在喜马拉雅山较高地区,统计学上显着增加的降雨深度和频率支持了未来降雨引起的灾害发生频率更高的概念。结果表明,当AO的负AO相幅值较大时,它更有可能影响极端季风事件的发生。这项研究将有助于更好地理解高纬度地区气候变化对中纬度极端降雨的影响,特别是在喜马拉雅山。这些发现的意义在于,在喜马拉雅山较高地区,统计学上显着增加的降雨深度和频率支持了未来降雨引起的灾害发生频率更高的概念。

更新日期:2021-01-03
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