The site Halebidu in Karnataka, India, is famous for its ornately carved Hoysala style temples. This fortified city was the capital of Hoysala dynasty in the twelfth century AD and possessed unique and exquisite examples of temple architecture that was typical of Hoysala style, only a few of which have survived. The site of Halebidu features as one of the two sites in the "Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysala" in the tentative list of WHC (World Heritage Convention) since 2014 [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5898/ (accessed on 1 January 2020).]. The other site being Belur, which was the old capital of the dynasty. The next and most important step towards attaining WH (World Heritage) status is for the State party [States Parties are countries which have adhered to the World Heritage Convention: https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/ (accessed 24 Oct 2020)] to prepare a nomination file. INTACH, Bengaluru, has recently prepared the nomination dossier for the "Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysala" and has submitted to Archaeological Survey of India in Sept 2020. [https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/somanathapura-temple-included-for-world-heritage-site-nomination/article32709882.ece (accessed 24 Oct 2020).]. The description of the salient feature of Halebidu available on UNESCO’s WH web page lists several temples, tanks and mantap (pavilion). In addition to the ornate temples and tanks, the city was surrounded by a fort wall whose perimeter is approx. 7.3 km enclosing an area of 2.9 sq. km. surrounded by a deep and wide moat. The moat connected a series of tanks which indicates the planning of water management of the settlement. On ground, parts of the fort wall can still be seen. In accordance with the WHC criteria for geospatially identifying core and buffer zones, the property should include: (1) areas which are a direct tangible expression of the Outstanding Universal Value and (2) areas which in the light of future research possibilities offer potential to contribute to and enhance such understanding. Therefore, it is important for the nomination dossier to recognise the context of the temples in the larger landscape. Towards this agenda the present study has conducted geospatial analysis using old survey maps and remote sensing imagery and has found the extent of fort wall and demarcated several other archaeological features (unprotected and unexcavated mounds, archaeological islands in the largest tank, old settlement, and buried temples) that are worth including in the area identified for protection. The findings of this study can help the State Party in delineating the core and buffer zones in a rational and appropriate manner; hence, these have been conveyed to INTACH, Bengaluru, who prepared the nomination dossier for WH inscription.

中文翻译：

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Halebidu 考古遗迹的地理空间研究：识别未开发特征的综合方法

位于印度卡纳塔克邦的 Halebidu 遗址以其华丽雕刻的 Hoysala 风格寺庙而闻名。这座要塞的城市是公元 12 世纪霍伊萨拉王朝的首都，拥有独特而精美的典型霍伊萨拉风格的寺庙建筑，其中只有少数幸存下来。自 2014 年以来，Halebidu 遗址是 WHC（世界遗产公约）暂定名单中“Hoysala 神圣合奏团”的两个遗址之一 [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5898/ （2020 年 1 月 1 日访问）。]。另一个地点是Belur，这是王朝的旧都。获得 WH（世界遗产）地位的下一个也是最重要的一步是缔约国[缔约国是已加入世界遗产公约的国家：https://whc.unesco。org/en/statesparties/（2020 年 10 月 24 日访问）]准备提名文件。班加罗尔 INTACH 最近准备了“Hoysala 神圣合奏团”的提名档案，并已于 2020 年 9 月提交给印度考古调查局。 [https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/somanathapura- Temple-included-for-world-heritage-site-nomination/article32709882.ece（2020 年 10 月 24 日访问）。]。联合国教科文组织 WH 网页上对 Halebidu 显着特征的描述列出了几座寺庙、坦克和 mantap（亭子）。除了华丽的寺庙和坦克外，这座城市还被一座堡垒墙包围着，其周长约为 20 米。7.3 公里，面积 2.9 平方公里。周围环绕着深而宽的护城河。护城河连接了一系列水箱，表明该定居点的水管理规划。在地上，部分堡垒墙仍然可以看到。根据 WHC 地理空间识别核心区和缓冲区的标准，该财产应包括：(1) 直接有形表现突出普遍价值的区域，以及 (2) 根据未来研究的可能性提供潜力的区域促进和加强这种理解。因此，提名档案重要的是在更大的景观中识别寺庙的背景。针对这一议程，本研究使用旧测量图和遥感图像进行了地理空间分析，并发现了堡垒墙的范围并划定了其他几个考古特征（未受保护和未挖掘的土墩、最大坦克中的考古岛屿、旧定居点、和埋葬的寺庙）值得包括在确定保护的区域内。这项研究的结果可以帮助缔约国以合理和适当的方式划定核心区和缓冲区；因此，这些信息已传达给班加罗尔的 INTACH，后者为 WH 铭文准备了提名档案。