Journal of Molecular Histology ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09930-4 Fatma Mostafa 1 , Adel Abdel-Moneim 2 , Manal Abdul-Hamid 1 , Sanaa R Galaly 1 , Hanaa M Mohamed 3
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Abstract
Hyperglycemia is associated with impairment of heart function. The current study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of polydatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PD-CSNPs), polydatin (PD) and metformin (MET) on diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. Rats divided into six groups; normal-control, diabetic-control, diabetic + CSNPs (diabetic rats treated with 50 mg/kg blank chitosan nanoparticles), diabetic + PD-CSNPs (diabetic rats treated with PD-CSNPs equivalent to 50 mg/kg of polydatin), diabetic + PD (diabetic rats given 50 mg/kg polydatin), diabetic + MET (diabetic rats given 100 mg/kg metformin), orally and daily for 4 weeks. Treatment of diabetic rats with PD-CSNPs, PD and MET showed a significant reduction in the values of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin with improvement in heart function biomarkers through decreasing serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase myocardial band activities compared to diabetic control. The treatment agents also suppressed the elevated lipid peroxidation product, increased values of glutathione content, superoxide dismutase, superoxide peroxidase, and catalase activities in the heart of diabetic treated rats. Furthermore, PD-CSNPs, PD and MET decreased heart tissue levels of a pro-inflammatory cytokine; tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nuclear factor-kappa β, upregulation of heart gene expressions; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1. Histological and ultrastructural examinations revealed the ameliorative effect of PD-CSNPs, PD and MET against the harmful of diabetic cardiomyopathy by reducing the cardiac fibers, necrotic cardiac myocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the arrangement of the myofibrils and intercalated discs. In conclusion, the new formula of PD-CSNPs was more effective than PD and MET in amelioration the diabetic cardiomyopathy through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and prolonged-release properties.
Graphic abstract
中文翻译：
虎杖苷和负载虎杖苷的壳聚糖纳米颗粒可减轻大鼠糖尿病心肌病
摘要
高血糖与心脏功能受损有关。本研究旨在探讨虎杖甙壳聚糖纳米颗粒（PD-CSNPs）、虎杖甙（PD）和二甲双胍（MET）对大鼠糖尿病心肌病的改善作用。将大鼠分为六组；正常对照、糖尿病对照、糖尿病+ CSNP（糖尿病大鼠用50 mg/kg空白壳聚糖纳米颗粒治疗）、糖尿病+ PD-CSNP（糖尿病大鼠用相当于50 mg/kg虎杖甙的PD-CSNP治疗）、糖尿病+ PD（糖尿病大鼠给予 50 mg/kg 虎杖甙）、糖尿病 + MET（糖尿病大鼠给予 100 mg/kg 二甲双胍），每天口服，持续 4 周。用 PD-CSNP 治疗糖尿病大鼠，与糖尿病对照相比，PD 和 MET 通过降低血清肌酸激酶和肌酸激酶心肌带活动，显示葡萄糖和糖化血红蛋白值显着降低，心脏功能生物标志物得到改善。治疗药物还抑制糖尿病治疗大鼠心脏中升高的脂质过氧化产物、谷胱甘肽含量、超氧化物歧化酶、超氧化物过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性的增加。此外，PD-CSNP、PD 和 MET 降低了心脏组织促炎细胞因子的水平。肿瘤坏死因子-α和核因子-κβ，心脏基因表达上调；核因子红细胞2相关因子2和血红素加氧酶1。组织学和超微结构检查揭示了 PD-CSNP 的改善作用，PD和MET通过减少心肌纤维、心肌细胞坏死、炎症细胞浸润以及肌原纤维和闰盘的排列来对抗糖尿病心肌病的危害。总之，PD-CSNPs新配方通过其抗氧化、抗炎和缓释特性，在改善糖尿病心肌病方面比PD和MET更有效。
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