Purpose

To evaluate whether endometrial compaction using sequential transvaginal ultrasound is associated with improved live birth rates in medicated single euploid frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles.

Methods

Prospective observational cohort study at a private fertility clinic. Patients who underwent FETs between January and December 2018 were assessed for inclusion. The change in endometrial thickness between the end of the estrogen phase and the day before embryo transfer, measured by sequential transvaginal ultrasound, was used to categorize cycles with compaction (≥ 5%), no change, or expansion (≥ 5%). FET cycle outcomes were then compared between groups. The primary outcome was live birth. Secondary outcomes include clinical pregnancy rate and rate of spontaneous abortion.

Results

Of the 259 single euploid medicated FETs performed during the study period, only 43/259 (16.6%) of the cycles demonstrated ≥ 5% compaction, whereas 152/259 (58.7%) expanded and 64/259 (24.7%) were unchanged. Live birth rates did not differ between cycles with compaction (58.1%), no change (54.7%), or expansion (58.6%), p = 0.96. Clinical pregnancy and spontaneous abortion rates were also similar between groups.

Conclusion

The vast majority of cycles did not demonstrate endometrial compaction. Endometrial compaction is not associated with live birth rate or spontaneous abortion rate in medicated single euploid FETs in this cohort.

中文翻译：

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子宫内膜致密度不能预测单倍体冷冻胚胎移植周期中的活产率

 目的

旨在评估使用连续经阴道超声进行子宫内膜致密是否与药物单整倍体冷冻胚胎移植（FET）周期中活产率的提高相关。

 方法

在私人生育诊所进行的前瞻性观察队列研究。对 2018 年 1 月至 12 月期间接受 FET 的患者进行了纳入评估。通过连续经阴道超声测量雌激素期结束时与胚胎移植前一天之间子宫内膜厚度的变化，用于对周期进行分类：压缩（≥ 5%）、无变化或扩张（≥ 5%）。然后比较各组之间的 FET 周期结果。主要结局是活产。次要结局包括临床妊娠率和自然流产率。

 结果

在研究期间进行的 259 个单一整倍体药物 FET 中，只有 43/259 (16.6%) 的周期表现出 ≥ 5% 的压缩，而 152/259 (58.7%) 的周期扩张，64/259 (24.7%) 的周期没有变化。压缩周期（58.1%）、无变化周期（54.7%）或扩张周期（58.6%）之间的活产率没有差异， p = 0.96。各组之间的临床妊娠率和自然流产率也相似。

 结论

绝大多数周期没有表现出子宫内膜致密。在该队列中的含药单整倍体 FET 中，子宫内膜致密化与活产率或自然流产率无关。