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Sowing Dates and Cultivars Mediated Changes in Phenology and Yield Traits of Cotton-Sunflower Cropping System in the Arid Environment
International Journal of Plant Production ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s42106-020-00124-2
Muhammad Tariq , Zartash Fatima , Pakeeza Iqbal , Kamrun Nahar , Shakeel Ahmad , Mirza Hasanuzzaman

Cotton-sunflower cropping system is a unique oilseed-based rotation. The real problem is overlapping sunflower-maturity with cotton-sowing. Investigations aim to tackle cotton-late-sowing through sowing-time-adjustment and cultivar-selection at cropping-system-level. Cotton (May 10th to June 24th) and sunflower (December 20th to February 03rd) sowing-dates were maintained biweekly. Maturity-time based cultivars were selected (early, medium, late) and variations in ambient-temperature through sowing-dates from 33.2 to 33.9 °C, 32.2 to 33.6 °C and 29.2 to 32.6 °C, length of emergence-squaring, squaring-flowering and flowering-maturity differed by 3.1, 1.5 and 5.1 days, respectively. Likewise, sunflower-sowing-dates based ambient-temperature ranged 13.7–18.1 °C, 16.3–17.5 °C and 23.8–28.5 °C at emergence-budding, budding-anthesis and anthesis-maturity, resulted in a difference of 13.5, 4.8 and 1.0 days. Results revealed that cotton late-sowing (May 10th to June 24th) and sunflower (December 20th to January 19th) resulted in reduces seedcotton, lint and achene yield by 19.9, 8.2 and 8.8 kg ha −1 day −1 . Oil productivity was the highest in cotton vide June 24th and in sunflower 04th January. In this cropping system, cotton is highly sensitive to sowing-dates for yield losses (35%) and sunflower less sensitive (14.4%). Meanwhile, yield variations in cotton-cultivars (12.5%) and sunflower-hybrids (10.0%). It was realized that sunflower December 20th hold great importance to assure minimum cotton yield-losses than looking for hybrids.

中文翻译:

播期和品种介导干旱环境下棉花-向日葵种植系统物候和产量性状变化

棉花-向日葵种植系统是一种独特的基于油籽的轮作。真正的问题是向日葵成熟期与棉花播种重叠。调查旨在通过种植系统层面的播种时间调整和品种选择来解决棉花晚播问题。棉花(5 月 10 日至 6 月 24 日)和向日葵(12 月 20 日至 2 月 3 日)的播种日期保持每两周一次。选择基于成熟时间的品种(早、中、晚),并通过播种日期改变环境温度,从 33.2 到 33.9 °C、32.2 到 33.6 °C 和 29.2 到 32.6 °C,出苗时间长短,平方开花期和开花期分别相差 3.1、1.5 和 5.1 天。同样地,基于向日葵播种日期的环境温度在出苗期为 13.7–18.1 °C、16.3–17.5 °C 和 23.8–28.5 °C,萌芽-开花和开花-成熟,导致13.5、4.8和1.0天的差异。结果显示,棉花晚播(5 月 10 日至 6 月 24 日)和向日葵(12 月 20 日至 1 月 19 日)导致籽棉、皮棉和瘦果产量减少 19.9、8.2 和 8.8 kg ha -1 day -1 。6 月 24 日的棉花和 1 月 4 日的向日葵产油量最高。在这种种植系统中,棉花对播种日期高度敏感,导致产量损失 (35%) 和向日葵不太敏感 (14.4%)。同时,棉花栽培品种(12.5%)和向日葵杂交品种(10.0%)的产量变化。人们意识到,与寻找杂交品种相比,12 月 20 日的向日葵对于确保棉花产量损失的最小化具有重要意义。结果显示,棉花晚播(5 月 10 日至 6 月 24 日)和向日葵(12 月 20 日至 1 月 19 日)导致籽棉、皮棉和瘦果产量减少 19.9、8.2 和 8.8 kg ha -1 day -1 。6 月 24 日的棉花和 1 月 4 日的向日葵产油量最高。在这种种植系统中,棉花对播种日期高度敏感,导致产量损失 (35%) 和向日葵不太敏感 (14.4%)。同时,棉花栽培品种(12.5%)和向日葵杂交品种(10.0%)的产量变化。人们意识到,与寻找杂交品种相比,12 月 20 日的向日葵对于确保棉花产量损失的最小化具有重要意义。结果显示,棉花晚播(5 月 10 日至 6 月 24 日)和向日葵(12 月 20 日至 1 月 19 日)导致籽棉、皮棉和瘦果产量减少 19.9、8.2 和 8.8 kg ha -1 day -1 。6 月 24 日的棉花和 1 月 4 日的向日葵产油量最高。在这种种植系统中,棉花对播种日期高度敏感,导致产量损失 (35%) 和向日葵不太敏感 (14.4%)。同时,棉花栽培品种(12.5%)和向日葵杂交品种(10.0%)的产量变化。人们意识到,与寻找杂交品种相比,12 月 20 日的向日葵对于确保棉花产量损失的最小化具有重要意义。在这种种植系统中,棉花对播种日期高度敏感,导致产量损失 (35%) 和向日葵不太敏感 (14.4%)。同时,棉花栽培品种(12.5%)和向日葵杂交品种(10.0%)的产量变化。人们意识到,与寻找杂交品种相比,12 月 20 日的向日葵对于确保棉花产量损失的最小化具有重要意义。在这种种植系统中,棉花对播种日期高度敏感,导致产量损失 (35%) 和向日葵不太敏感 (14.4%)。同时,棉花栽培品种(12.5%)和向日葵杂交品种(10.0%)的产量变化。人们意识到,与寻找杂交品种相比,12 月 20 日的向日葵对于确保棉花产量损失的最小化具有重要意义。
更新日期:2021-01-02
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