In this study, Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as antibacterial substance and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs) as magnetic material were synthesized and then utilized in the MBR system (Ag NPs-MBR/Fe₃O₄ NPs-MBR), and for synthetic petrochemical wastewater treatment, their effect on biomass characteristics and consequently effect on membrane fouling was evaluated. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), soluble microbial product (SMP), flux, membrane fouling resistance, as well as particle size distribution, Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis were performed for performance evaluation. The average particle size of Fe₃O₄ NPs and Ag NPs was 2 and 10 nm, respectively. It was observed that overall, the application of nanoparticles results in better removal of organic matter in the system. Control-MBR, Ag NPs-MBR, and Fe₃O₄ NPs-MBR reduce COD by 80, 96.64, and 95.35%, respectively. Besides, improvement in flux rate by 41% and 32% for Ag NPs-MBR and Fe₃O₄ NPs-MBR was observed, respectively. EPS in Ag NPs-MBR and Fe₃O₄ NPs-MBR decreased by 49% and 38%, while SMP decreased by 66% and 54%, respectively. The FTIR analysis also confirmed the reduction in EPS and SMP. SEM images revealed that the cake layer on the membrane in the Ag NPs-MBR system has more porosity. Based on the results, the application of NPs in MBR systems leads to significantly improved performance and reduced membrane fouling.

本研究合成了作为抗菌物质的Ag纳米颗粒（Ag NPs）和作为磁性材料的Fe ₃ O ₄纳米颗粒（Fe ₃ O ₄ NPs），然后用于MBR系统（Ag NPs-MBR / Fe ₃ O _4）。NPs-MBR），以及用于合成石油化工废水处理的方法，评估了它们对生物质特性的影响，并因此对膜污染的影响。化学需氧量（COD），细胞外聚合物（EPS），可溶性微生物产物（SMP），通量，膜防污性以及粒径分布，傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱和扫描电子显微镜（SEM） ）进行了性能评估。Fe ₃ O ₄ NP和Ag NP的平均粒径分别为2和10 nm。观察到总体上，纳米颗粒的应用导致系统中有机物的更好去除。Control-MBR，Ag NPs-MBR和Fe ₃ O ₄NPs-MBR分别将COD减少80％，96.64和95.35％。此外，观察到Ag NPs-MBR和Fe ₃ O ₄ NPs-MBR的通量率分别提高了41％和32％。Ag NPs-MBR和Fe ₃ O ₄ NPs-MBR中的EPS分别降低了49％和38％，而SMP分别降低了66％和54％。FTIR分析也证实了EPS和SMP的降低。SEM图像表明，Ag NPs-MBR系统中膜上的滤饼层具有更大的孔隙率。根据结果​​，NPs在MBR系统中的应用可显着提高性能并减少膜污染。