The entry of excess nutrients into the reservoir causes problems such as eutrophication, and as a result, we see a decline in the quality of water in the reservoirs and changes in the downstream ecosystem. In this study, a simulation–optimization model has been developed in the framework of selective withdrawal methods to achieve optimal operation policies that can meet the different objectives of the reservoir. A two-dimensional model called CE-QUAL-W2 was used to simulate the reservoir water quality processes. Also, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was used as an optimization algorithm in the developed simulation–optimization model. The results show that the dissolved oxygen concentration of the outlet from the lower gate Seimare reservoir for the optimal operation policy is about 30% better than the current operating conditions. In addition, hydropower energy has increased by about 50%. The eutrophication status in the reservoir improved in relation to the existing condition, in most months of the year; the reservoir is in low eutrophication state for optimal operation policy. The results showed the high efficiency of this method and the considerable improvement of the various objectives of the reservoir.

过多的养分进入水库会引起富营养化等问题，因此，我们看到水库中水质的下降和下游生态系统的变化。在这项研究中，在选择性取水方法的框架内开发了一个模拟-优化模型，以实现可以满足油藏不同目标的最优作业策略。使用二维模型CE-QUAL-W2来模拟水库水质过程。此外，在开发的仿真优化模型中，非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-II）被用作优化算法。结果表明，对于最佳运行策略，下闸门塞玛雷水库出口的溶解氧浓度比当前运行条件好约30％。此外，水力发电已增加了约50％。在一年中的大多数月份中，与现有条件相比，水库的富营养化状况有所改善；为了达到最佳运行策略，水库处于低富营养状态。结果表明，该方法具有很高的效率，并且大大改善了储层的各种目标。