The effect of zirconium oxide nanoparticles (NZ) addition on the electrical and physical properties of porcelain insulators over high different sintering temperatures was investigated. Different amount of zirconia nanoparticles (0–8 wt%) was added to porcelain sample that obtained from local raw materials found in large quantities and excellent quality in the Sinai and Aswan (Egypt). Samples were produced by powder technology with compositions of 50% kaolin, 25% feldspar and 25% quartz. The prepared samples admixed with different amounts of zirconia were sintered at different temperatures (1100, 1200, 1300 and 1400 °C) for 2 h. The microstructures of some selected samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Phase composition of some nanocomposites samples was identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), to evaluate the thermal, structural and microstructural changes by increasing the concentration of zirconia. The electrical properties of different samples were evaluated by measuring the AC breakdown strength, the relative permittivity ( ε r ) and dielectric loss (tan δ ) at different frequencies at room temperature. A finite element method (FEM) axisymmetrical model of the samples is used to evaluate their breakdown strength. The results obtained revealed that, samples sintered at 1300 °C give the best electrical and physical properties. Also, nanocomposite porcelain sample admixed with 4 wt% zirconia nanoparticles and sintered at 1300 °C present the maximum density (3.678 g/cm 3 ), minimum water absorption (0.031%) and minimum porosity (0.049%) values as well as good insulating characteristics and confirm the electro technical porcelain production feasibility.

中文翻译：

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氧化锆纳米粒子在改善高压瓷绝缘材料的电学和物理特性中的应用

研究了氧化锆纳米颗粒 (NZ) 添加对瓷绝缘子在高不同烧结温度下的电气和物理性能的影响。将不同数量的氧化锆纳米颗粒（0-8 wt%）添加到瓷样品中，瓷样品是从在西奈和阿斯旺（埃及）发现的大量优质当地原材料中获得的。样品由粉末技术生产，其成分为 50% 高岭土、25% 长石和 25% 石英。制备的混合有不同量氧化锆的样品在不同温度（1100、1200、1300 和 1400°C）下烧结 2 小时。通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 对一些选定样品的微观结构进行了表征。使用 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 鉴定一些纳米复合材料样品的相组成，以评估热、通过增加氧化锆的浓度来改变结构和微观结构。通过测量室温下不同频率下的交流击穿强度、相对介电常数 (ε r ) 和介电损耗 (tan δ ) 来评估不同样品的电性能。样品的有限元方法 (FEM) 轴对称模型用于评估其击穿强度。获得的结果表明，在 1300 °C 下烧结的样品具有最佳的电气和物理性能。此外，与 4 wt% 氧化锆纳米颗粒混合并在 1300 °C 下烧结的纳米复合陶瓷样品具有最大密度 (3.678 g/cm 3 )、最小吸水率 (0.031%) 和最小孔隙率 (0.049%) 值以及良好的绝缘性并确认电瓷生产的可行性。