Resistance to carbapenems due to metallo-beta-lactamase NDM-1 was first described in Brazil in 2013. To date, only a few scattered reports of the prevalence of NDM-1 in the country have been reported, and most of them indicated a very low prevalence of this metalloenzyme. In the present study, we report a steady increase in the frequency of NDM among Enterobacterales resistant to carbapenems in a tertiary care hospital in southern Brazil. Carbapenemase genes were evaluated by multiplex real-time polymerase chain using high-resolution melting analysis among 3501 isolates of 8 different species of Enterobacterales recovered from January 2015 to May 2020. The bla KPC-like was identified in 3003 isolates (85.8%) and the bla NDM-like was the second most common gene (351 isolates—10%). There was a steady increase in frequency of bla NDM-like , from 4.2% in 2015 to 24% in 2020. The increase of bla NDM frequency raises an important matter as novel therapeutic options are currently very limited for the treatment of patients infected by bacteria carrying the bla NDM .

中文翻译：

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巴西南部一家三级医院的 blaNDM 频率增加

2013 年，巴西首次报道了由金属-β-内酰胺酶 NDM-1 引起的碳青霉烯类耐药性。迄今为止，该国仅有少数零星报道 NDM-1 流行，其中大多数表明非常这种金属酶的流行率很低。在本研究中，我们报告了巴西南部一家三级医院对碳青霉烯类耐药的肠杆菌中 NDM 发生率的稳步上升。在 2015 年 1 月至 2020 年 5 月期间回收的 8 种不同肠杆菌属的 3501 株分离株中，通过多重实时聚合酶链对碳青霉烯酶基因进行了评估。在 3003 株分离株（85.8%）和bla NDM-like 是第二常见的基因（351 个分离株——10%）。bla NDM 样频率从 4 稳步增加。