Over the last 100 years a shifting human population has seen large proportions of people relocating from rural agricultural regions to urban and suburban areas. Extensive development within these modified lands has altered soils and natural vegetative cover which directly affects many biophysical processes. The current study examines over 4 years of continuous (i.e., hourly) CO 2 measurements within a suburban forest floor and lawn to elucidate daily, seasonal and annual patterns of biogenic CO 2 emissions while identifying the importance of forcing biophysical drivers (e.g., temperature, moisture). On an annual basis, the suburban forest floor and lawn emitted 587 ± 15.5 g C m −2 yr −1 and 1220 ± 31.5 g C m −2 yr −1 , respectively. Overall, temperature was a primary driver of CO 2 emissions within both forest and lawn, yet the forest was more complex with additional influence from tree canopy phenology and soil moisture. Diurnal CO 2 emission patterns were different between land use types in their response to temperature as we found a counterclockwise hysteresis in forest and an in-sync response in the lawn. In all cases, the strength of biophysical drivers and observed CO 2 emission rates were different depending on land use type and throughout the different seasons. Our findings provide insights for modeling and benchmarking biogenic CO 2 dynamics across suburban ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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温带郊区社区内多年二氧化碳排放的模式和驱动因素

在过去的 100 年里，随着人口的转移，很大一部分人从农村农业区迁移到城市和郊区。在这些经过改造的土地上的大规模开发已经改变了土壤和自然植被覆盖，这直接影响了许多生物物理过程。当前的研究检查了郊区森林地面和草坪内 4 年多的连续（即每小时）CO 2 测量，以阐明生物源 CO 2 排放的每日、季节性和年度模式，同时确定强制生物物理驱动因素（例如，温度、水分）。每年，郊区森林地面和草坪分别排放587±15.5 g C m -2 yr -1 和1220 ± 31.5 g C m -2 yr -1 。总体而言，温度是森林和草坪中 CO 2 排放的主要驱动因素，然而，由于树冠物候和土壤湿度的额外影响，森林更加复杂。不同土地利用类型对温度的响应不同，昼夜 CO 2 排放模式不同，因为我们发现森林中的逆时针滞后和草坪中的同步响应。在所有情况下，生物物理驱动的强度和观察到的 CO 2 排放率因土地利用类型和整个不同季节而异。我们的研究结果为建模和基准测试郊区生态系统中的生物 CO 2 动力学提供了见解。生物物理驱动的强度和观察到的 CO 2 排放率因土地利用类型和整个不同季节而异。我们的研究结果为建模和基准测试郊区生态系统中的生物 CO 2 动力学提供了见解。生物物理驱动的强度和观察到的 CO 2 排放率因土地利用类型和整个不同季节而异。我们的研究结果为建模和基准测试郊区生态系统中的生物 CO 2 动力学提供了见解。