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Mechanism and application of Sesbania root-nodulating bacteria: an alternative for chemical fertilizers and sustainable development
Archives of Microbiology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02137-x
Kuldeep Singh , Rajesh Gera , Ruchi Sharma , Damini Maithani , Dinesh Chandra , Mohammad Amin Bhat , Rishendra Kumar , Pankaj Bhatt

Chemical fertilizers are used in large-scale throughout the globe to satisfy the food and feed requirement of the world. Demanding cropping with the enhanced application of chemical fertilizers, linked with a decline in the recycling of natural or other waste materials, has led to a decrease in the organic carbon levels in soils, impaired soil physical properties and shrinking soil microbial biodiversity. Sustenance and improvement of soil fertility are fundamental for comprehensive food security and ecological sustainability. To feed the large-scale growing population, the role of biofertilizers and their study tends to be an essential aspect globally. In this review, we have emphasized the nitrogen-fixing plants of Sesbania species. It is a plant that is able to accumulate nitrogen-rich biomass and used as a green manure, which help in soil amelioration. Problems of soil infertility due to salinity, alkalinity and waterlogging could be alleviated through the use of biologically fixed nitrogen by Sesbania plants leading to the conversion of futile land into a fertile one. A group of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria termed as "rhizobia" are able to nodulate a variety of legumes including Sesbania. The host-specific rhizobial strains can be used as potential alternative for nitrogenous fertilizers as they help the host plant in growth and development and enhance their endurance under stressed conditions. The review gives the depth understanding of how the agriculturally important microorganisms can be used for the reduction of broad-scale application of chemical fertilizers with special attention to Sesbania-nodulating rhizobia.

中文翻译:

田菁根瘤菌作用机制及应用:化肥替代与可持续发展

化肥在全球范围内大规模使用,以满足世界对粮食和饲料的需求。随着化肥施用量的增加,对作物的需求增加,加上天然或其他废物材料的回收率下降,导致土壤中有机碳水平下降、土壤物理性质受损和土壤微生物多样性减少。维持和改善土壤肥力是全面粮食安全和生态可持续性的基础。为了养活大规模增长的人口,生物肥料的作用及其研究在全球范围内往往是一个重要方面。在这篇综述中,我们强调了田菁属植物的固氮植物。它是一种能够积累富含氮的生物量并用作绿肥的植物,有助于土壤改良。通过田菁植物使用生物固定氮,将贫瘠的土地转化为肥沃的土地,可以缓解因盐分、碱度和涝渍而导致的土壤贫瘠问题。一组被称为“根瘤菌”的促进植物生长的根际细菌能够在包括田菁在内的多种豆科植物中形成根瘤。宿主特异性根瘤菌菌株可用作氮肥的潜在替代品,因为它们有助于宿主植物的生长和发育,并增强它们在压力条件下的耐受力。该综述深入了解了农业上重要的微生物如何用于减少化肥的大规模施用,特别是对田菁根瘤菌的关注。通过田菁植物使用生物固定氮,将贫瘠的土地转化为肥沃的土地,可以缓解因盐分、碱度和涝渍而导致的土壤贫瘠问题。一组被称为“根瘤菌”的促进植物生长的根际细菌能够在包括田菁在内的多种豆科植物中形成根瘤。宿主特异性根瘤菌菌株可用作氮肥的潜在替代品,因为它们有助于宿主植物的生长和发育,并增强它们在压力条件下的耐受力。该综述深入了解了农业上重要的微生物如何用于减少化肥的大规模施用,特别是对田菁根瘤菌的关注。通过田菁植物使用生物固定氮,将贫瘠的土地转化为肥沃的土地,可以缓解因盐分、碱度和涝渍而导致的土壤贫瘠问题。一组被称为“根瘤菌”的促进植物生长的根际细菌能够在包括田菁在内的多种豆科植物中形成根瘤。宿主特异性根瘤菌菌株可用作氮肥的潜在替代品,因为它们有助于宿主植物的生长和发育,并增强它们在压力条件下的耐受力。该综述深入了解了农业上重要的微生物如何用于减少化肥的大规模施用,特别是对田菁根瘤菌的关注。可以通过田菁植物使用生物固定氮来缓解碱度和内涝,从而将贫瘠的土地转化为肥沃的土地。一组被称为“根瘤菌”的促进植物生长的根际细菌能够在包括田菁在内的多种豆科植物中形成根瘤。宿主特异性根瘤菌菌株可用作氮肥的潜在替代品,因为它们有助于宿主植物的生长和发育,并增强它们在压力条件下的耐受力。该综述深入了解了农业上重要的微生物如何用于减少化肥的大规模施用,特别是对田菁根瘤菌的关注。可以通过田菁植物使用生物固定氮来缓解碱度和内涝,从而将贫瘠的土地转化为肥沃的土地。一组被称为“根瘤菌”的促进植物生长的根际细菌能够在包括田菁在内的多种豆科植物中形成根瘤。宿主特异性根瘤菌菌株可用作氮肥的潜在替代品,因为它们有助于宿主植物的生长和发育,并增强它们在压力条件下的耐受力。该综述深入了解了农业上重要的微生物如何用于减少化肥的大规模施用,特别是对田菁根瘤菌的关注。
更新日期:2021-01-03
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