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Improper versus finitely additive distributions as limits of countably additive probabilities
Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics ( IF 1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s10463-020-00779-8
Pierre Druilhet , Erwan Saint Loubert Bié

In Bayesian statistics, improper distributions and finitely additive probabilities (FAPs) are the two main alternatives to proper distributions, i.e. countably additive probabilities. Both of them can be seen as limits of proper distribution sequences w.r.t. to some specific convergence modes. Therefore, some authors attempt to link these two notions by this means, partly using heuristic arguments. The aim of the paper is to compare these two kinds of limits. We show that improper distributions and FAPs represent two distinct characteristics of a sequence of proper distributions and therefore, surprisingly, cannot be connected by the mean of proper distribution sequences. More specifically, for a sequence of proper distribution which converge to both an improper distribution and a set of FAPs, we show that another sequence of proper distributions can be constructed having the same FAP limits and converging to any given improper distribution. This result can be mainly explained by the fact that improper distributions describe the behavior of the sequence inside the domain after rescaling, whereas FAP limits describe how the mass concentrates on the boundary of the domain. We illustrate our results with several examples and we show the difficulty to define properly a uniform FAP distribution on the natural numbers as an equivalent of the improper flat prior. MSC 2010 subject classifications: Primary 62F15; secondary 62E17,60B10.

中文翻译:

不正确与有限可加分布作为可数加性概率的限制

在贝叶斯统计中,不适当分布和有限可加概率 (FAP) 是适当分布的两个主要替代方案,即可数加性概率。它们都可以看作是对某些特定收敛模式的适当分布序列的限制。因此,一些作者试图通过这种方式将这两个概念联系起来,部分使用启发式论证。本文的目的是比较这两种限制。我们表明不正确的分布和 FAP 代表了正确分布序列的两个不同特征,因此令人惊讶的是,它们不能通过正确分布序列的平均值连接。更具体地说,对于收敛到不适当分布和一组 FAP 的适当分布序列,我们表明,可以构造另一个具有相同 FAP 限制并收敛到任何给定不适当分布的适当分布序列。这个结果主要可以解释为不正确的分布描述了重新缩放后域内序列的行为,而 FAP 限制描述了质量如何集中在域的边界上。我们用几个例子来说明我们的结果,我们展示了将自然数上的均匀 FAP 分布正确定义为不适当的平坦先验的等价物的难度。MSC 2010 学科分类:小学 62F15;二级 62E17,60B10。这个结果主要可以解释为不正确的分布描述了重新缩放后域内序列的行为,而 FAP 限制描述了质量如何集中在域的边界上。我们用几个例子来说明我们的结果,我们展示了将自然数上的均匀 FAP 分布正确定义为不适当的平坦先验的等价物的难度。MSC 2010 学科分类:小学 62F15;二级 62E17,60B10。这个结果主要可以解释为不正确的分布描述了重新缩放后域内序列的行为,而 FAP 限制描述了质量如何集中在域的边界上。我们用几个例子来说明我们的结果,我们展示了将自然数上的均匀 FAP 分布正确定义为不适当的平坦先验的等价物的难度。MSC 2010 学科分类:小学 62F15;二级 62E17,60B10。
更新日期:2021-01-03
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