The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 maps and cosmological parameters,Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 maps and cosmological parameters
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2020/12/047
Simone Aiola _{1,

2} , Erminia Calabrese ₃ , Loïc Maurin _{4,

5} , Sigurd Naess ₁ , Benjamin L. Schmitt ₆ , Maximilian H. Abitbol ₇ , Graeme E. Addison ₈ , Peter A. R. Ade ₃ , David Alonso ₇ , Mandana Amiri ₉ , Stefania Amodeo ₁₀ , Elio Angile ₆ , Jason E. Austermann ₁₁ , Taylor Baildon ₁₂ , Nick Battaglia ₁₀ , James A. Beall ₁₁ , Rachel Bean ₁₀ , Daniel T. Becker ₁₁ , J Richard Bond ₁₃ , Sarah Marie Bruno ₂ , Victoria Calafut ₁₀ , Luis E. Campusano ₁₄ , Felipe Carrero ₁₅ , Grace E. Chesmore ₁₆ , Hsiao-mei Cho _{11,

17} , Steve K. Choi _{2,

10,

18} , Susan E. Clark ₁₉ , Nicholas F. Cothard ₂₀ , Devin Crichton ₂₁ , Kevin T. Crowley _{2,

22} , Omar Darwish ₂₃ , Rahul Datta ₈ , Edward V. Denison ₁₁ , Mark J. Devlin ₆ , Cody J. Duell ₁₈ , Shannon M. Duff ₁₁ , Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden ₂ , Jo Dunkley _{2,

24} , Rolando Dünner ₅ , Thomas Essinger-Hileman ₂₅ , Max Fankhanel ₁₅ , Simone Ferraro ₂₆ , Anna E. Fox ₁₁ , Brittany Fuzia ₂₇ , Patricio A. Gallardo ₁₈ , Vera Gluscevic ₂₈ , Joseph E. Golec ₁₆ , Emily Grace ₂ , Megan Gralla ₂₉ , Yilun Guan ₃₀ , Kirsten Hall ₈ , Mark Halpern ₉ , Dongwon Han ₃₁ , Peter Hargrave ₃ , Matthew Hasselfield _{1,

32,

33} , Jakob M. Helton ₂₄ , Shawn Henderson ₁₇ , Brandon Hensley ₂₄ , J. Colin Hill _{1,

34} , Gene C. Hilton ₁₁ , Matt Hilton ₂₁ , Adam D. Hincks ₃₅ , Renée Hložek _{35,

36} , Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho ₂ , Johannes Hubmayr ₁₁ , Kevin M. Huffenberger ₂₇ , John P. Hughes ₃₇ , Leopoldo Infante ₅ , Kent Irwin ₃₈ , Rebecca Jackson ₁₆ , Jeff Klein ₆ , Kenda Knowles ₂₁ , Brian Koopman ₃₉ , Arthur Kosowsky ₃₀ , Vincent Lakey ₂₇ , Dale Li _{11,

17} , Yaqiong Li ₂ , Zack Li ₂₄ , Martine Lokken _{13,

35} , Thibaut Louis ₄₀ , Marius Lungu _{2,

6} , Amanda MacInnis ₃₁ , Mathew Madhavacheril ₄₁ , Felipe Maldonado ₂₇ , Maya Mallaby-Kay ₄₂ , Danica Marsden ₆ , Jeff McMahon _{12,

16,

42,

43,

44} , Felipe Menanteau _{45,

46} , Kavilan Moodley ₂₁ , Tim Morton ₂₈ , Toshiya Namikawa ₂₃ , Federico Nati _{6,

47} , Laura Newburgh ₃₉ , John P. Nibarger ₁₁ , Andrina Nicola ₂₄ , Michael D. Niemack _{10,

18} , Michael R. Nolta ₁₃ , John Orlowski-Sherer ₆ , Lyman A. Page ₂ , Christine G. Pappas ₁₁ , Bruce Partridge ₄₈ , Phumlani Phakathi ₂₁ , Giampaolo Pisano ₃ , Heather Prince ₂₄ , Roberto Puddu ₅ , Frank J. Qu ₂₃ , Jesus Rivera ₃₇ , Naomi Robertson ₄₉ , Felipe Rojas _{5,

15} , Maria Salatino _{38,

50} , Emmanuel Schaan ₂₆ , Alessandro Schillaci ₅₁ , Neelima Sehgal ₃₁ , Blake D. Sherwin ₂₃ , Carlos Sierra ₁₆ , Jon Sievers ₅₂ , Cristobal Sifon ₅₃ , Precious Sikhosana ₂₁ , Sara Simon ₁₂ , David N. Spergel _{1,

24} , Suzanne T. Staggs ₂ , Jason Stevens ₁₈ , Emilie Storer ₂ , Dhaneshwar D. Sunder ₂₁ , Eric R. Switzer ₂₅ , Ben Thorne ₅₄ , Robert Thornton _{6,

55} , Hy Trac ₅₆ , Jesse Treu ₅₇ , Carole Tucker ₃ , Leila R. Vale ₁₁ , Alexander Van Engelen ₅₈ , Jeff Van Lanen ₁₁ , Eve M. Vavagiakis ₁₈ , Kasey Wagoner ₂ , Yuhan Wang ₂ , Jonathan T. Ward ₆ , Edward J. Wollack ₂₅ , Zhilei Xu ₆ , Fernando Zago ₅₂ , Ningfeng Zhu ₆

Affiliation

Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10010, U.S.A.
Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, U.S.A.
School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff, Wales, CF24 3AA, U.K.
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale, 91405, Orsay, France
Instituto de Astrofísica and Centro de Astro-Ingeniería, Facultad de Fìsica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436 Macul, Santiago, Chile
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford, U.K. OX1 3RH
Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, U.S.A.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A.
NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, CO 80305, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48103, U.S.A.
Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada
Universidad de Chile, Dept Astronomía Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile
Sociedad Radiosky Asesorías de Ingeniería Limitada, Camino a Toconao 145-A, Ayllu de Solor, San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park, California 94025, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A.
Institute for Advanced Study, 1 Einstein Dr, Princeton, NJ 08540, U.S.A.
Department of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A.
Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.
DAMTP, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 OWA, U.K.
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ U.S.A. 08544
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, U.S.A.
Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, LBL and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee FL 32306, U.S.A.
University of Southern California. Department of Physics and Astronomy, 825 Bloom Walk ACB 439, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0484, U.S.A.
Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, U.S.A.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A.
Physics and Astronomy Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY U.S.A. 11794
Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A.
Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A.
David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George Street, Toronto ON, M5S 3H4, Canada
Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4085, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A.\enlargethispage\baselineskip
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
Centre for the Universe, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON, N2L 2Y5, Canada
Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.
Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.
National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1205 W. Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A.
Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, University of Milano—Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126, Milano MI, Italy
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Haverford College, Haverford, PA 19041, U.S.A.
Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, U.K.
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 382 Via Pueblo Mall Stanford, CA 94305-4060, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, U.S.A.
Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
One Shields Avenue, Physics Department, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.
Department of Physics , West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester, PA 19383, U.S.A.
McWilliams Center for Cosmology, Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh PA 15213, U.S.A.
Domain Associates, LLC, U.S.A.
School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, U.S.A.

We present new arcminute-resolution maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropy from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, using data taken from 2013-2016 at 98 and 150 GHz. The maps cover more than 17,000 deg$^2$, the deepest 600 deg$^2$ with noise levels below $10$ $\mu$K-arcmin. We use the power spectrum derived from almost 6,000 deg$^2$ of these maps to constrain cosmology. The ACT data enable a measurement of the angular scale of features in both the divergence-like polarization and the temperature anisotropy, tracing both the velocity and density at last-scattering. From these one can derive the distance to the last-scattering surface and thus infer the local expansion rate, $H_0$. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP we measure $H_0=67.6\pm 1.1$ km/s/Mpc, at 68% confidence, in excellent agreement with the independently-measured Planck satellite estimate (from ACT alone we find $H_0=67.9\pm 1.5$ km/s/Mpc). The $\Lambda$CDM model provides a good fit to the ACT data, and we find no evidence for deviations: both the spatial curvature, and the departure from the standard lensing signal in the spectrum, are zero to within 1$\sigma$; the number of relativistic species, the primordial Helium fraction, and the running of the spectral index are consistent with $\Lambda$CDM predictions to within 1.5-2$\sigma$. We compare ACT, WMAP, and Planck at the parameter level and find good consistency; we investigate how the constraints on the correlated spectral index and baryon density parameters readjust when adding CMB large-scale information that ACT does not measure. The DR4 products presented here will be publicly released on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis.

中文翻译：

阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜：DR4 地图和宇宙学参数

我们使用 2013-2016 年 98 GHz 和 150 GHz 的数据，展示了来自阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜的宇宙微波背景温度和极化各向异性的新弧分分辨率图。这些地图覆盖了超过 17,000 deg$^2$，最深的 600 deg$^2$，噪音水平低于 $10$ $\mu$K-arcmin。我们使用从这些地图中近 6,000 deg$^2$ 得出的功率谱来约束宇宙学。ACT 数据能够测量发散状极化和温度各向异性中特征的角标度，追踪最后散射时的速度和密度。从这些可以推导出到最后一个散射表面的距离，从而推断出局部膨胀率 $H_0$。通过将 ACT 数据与来自 WMAP 的大规模信息相结合，我们以 68% 的置信度测量 $H_0=67.6\pm 1.1$ km/s/Mpc，与独立测量的普朗克卫星估计值非常一致（仅从 ACT 我们发现 $H_0=67.9\pm 1.5$ km/s/Mpc）。$\Lambda$CDM 模型很好地拟合了 ACT 数据，我们没有发现偏差的证据：空间曲率和光谱中与标准透镜信号的偏离都为零到 1$\sigma$ ; 相对论物种的数量、原始氦分数和光谱指数的运行与 $\Lambda$CDM 预测一致，在 1.5-2$\sigma$ 内。我们在参数层面比较了ACT、WMAP和Planck，发现一致性很好；我们研究了当添加 ACT 未测量的 CMB 大规模信息时，对相关光谱指数和重子密度参数的约束如何重新调整。

更新日期：2020-12-30

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