Teat disinfection is an important step in the control of mastitis within a dairy herd. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 96 commercially available teat disinfectant products in Ireland against bacterial isolates on teat skin. Teat disinfection products were applied to the teats of seventeen Holstein–Friesian cows. A split-udder model was used where one cow received two different teat disinfection products on each day. A composite swab sample was taken of the left teats and the right teats before and after teat disinfectant application. Swab samples were plated onto 3 different selective agars to enumerate bacterial counts of streptococcal, staphylococcal and coliform isolates. Streptococcal isolates were the most prominent bacterial group recovered on teat swabs taken before the application of a teat disinfection product (55.0%), followed by staphylococcal isolates (41.3%) and coliform isolates (3.7%). Products were reclassified by active ingredients (n = 9) for analysis. These ingredient groups included; chlorhexidine, chlorine dioxide, diamine, iodine, iodine and lactic acid, lactic acid, lactic acid and chlorhexidine, lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, and lactic acid and salicylic acid. The ingredient group, chlorine dioxide, resulted in comparable reductions to the iodine group for streptococcal isolates. The ingredient group, iodine combined with lactic acid, resulted in the greatest reduction of staphylococcal isolates. When observing products individually, a product containing 1.6% w/w lactic acid combined with hydrogen peroxide was the most effective at reducing streptococcal isolates on the teat skin, whereas a product containing lactic acid combined with 0.6% w/w chlorhexidine was the most effective against staphylococcal isolates. Minor differences were observed regarding the relationship between effectiveness and active ingredient concentration between products. This study suggests that some teat disinfectant products achieve a higher reduction in bacterial levels against different specific bacterial groups on teat skin than other products. Therefore, when choosing a teat disinfectant product, the bacteria in the dairy herds’ environment should be considered. Further studies are necessary to evaluate products efficacy against new IMIs and any possible effects on teat skin condition.

中文翻译：

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消毒剂成分对爱尔兰奶牛群中与乳腺炎有关的奶头皮肤细菌的影响

乳头消毒是控制奶牛群中乳腺炎的重要步骤。这项研究的目的是评估爱尔兰96种商用奶头消毒剂产品对奶头皮肤上细菌分离株的有效性。将奶头消毒产品应用于17头荷斯坦–弗里斯兰奶牛的奶头。使用分乳模型，其中一头母牛每天接受两种不同的奶头消毒产品。在使用奶嘴消毒剂之前和之后，从左奶嘴和右奶嘴中取出复合拭子样品。将拭子样品接种到3种不同的选择性琼脂上，以计数链球菌，葡萄球菌和大肠菌分离株的细菌计数。链球菌分离株是在应用乳头消毒产品之前取下的乳头拭子上回收的最主要细菌群（55.0％），其次是葡萄球菌分离株（41.3％）和大肠菌群分离株（3.7％）。产品按有效成分（n = 9）重新分类以进行分析。这些成分包括：洗必太，二氧化氯，二胺，碘，碘和乳酸，乳酸，乳酸和洗必太，乳酸和过氧化氢以及乳酸和水杨酸。对于链球菌分离物，二氧化氯成分组的还原度与碘基团相当。碘与乳酸结合的成分组导致葡萄球菌分离株的最大减少。单独观察产品时，包含1的产品。6％w / w乳酸与过氧化氢联合使用对减少乳头皮肤上的链球菌分离物最有效，而含有乳酸和0.6％w / w洗必泰的产品对葡萄球菌分离物最有效。在产品之间的有效性和有效成分浓度之间的关系上观察到微小差异。这项研究表明，与其他产品相比，某些奶嘴消毒产品对奶嘴皮肤上不同的特定细菌群体的细菌含量降低程度更高。因此，在选择奶头消毒产品时，应考虑奶牛群环境中的细菌。需要进一步的研究来评估产品针对新IMI的功效以及对乳头皮肤状况的任何可能影响。