In this article, a broadband dual circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna, which shows high gain and high‐aperture efficiency is proposed by using meta‐surface (MS) loading technique. For the purpose of gain enhancement and port feature improvement of a traditional stacked patch element, a MS including a lattice of 4 × 4 periodic square loops is introduced and investigated. A dual‐port feeding network based on two double‐stage quadrature couplers is carefully designed to excite such two radiation elements to realize broadband dual‐CP operation. Measured results show that the proposed antenna possesses an overlapped bandwidth of 12.8% (from 2.26 to 2.57 GHz), in which port reflection coefficient, axial ratio, and port isolation is better than −13 dB, 3 dB, and −15 dB, respectively. An average peak gain of 10.4 dBic within a compact size of 1.35 λ₀ × 0.63 λ₀ × 0.116 λ₀ (λ₀ is the free‐space wavelength at the center frequency 2.41 GHz) is achieved, resulting in a high‐aperture efficiency of 102.5%.

中文翻译：

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超表面加载宽带和高孔径效率双圆极化贴片天线

在本文中，提出了一种通过使用超表面（MS）加载技术显示出高增益和高光圈效率的宽带双圆极化（CP）贴片天线。为了提高传统堆叠式贴片元件的增益和改善端口特性，引入并研究了一种包括4×4周期性正方形环的晶格的MS。经过精心设计的基于两个双级正交耦合器的双端口馈电网络可以激发这两个辐射元件，从而实现宽带双CP操作。测量结果表明，所建议的天线具有12.8％的重叠带宽（从2.26至2.57 GHz），其中端口反射系数，轴向比和端口隔离度分别优于-13 dB，3 dB和-15 dB。 。在1.35λ的紧凑尺寸内，平均峰值增益为10.4 dBic₀  ×0.63λ ₀  ×0.116λ ₀（λ ₀是在中心频率2.41 GHz的自由空间波长）实现，导致102.5％的高孔径效率。