The increasing energy demand of human society boosts the exploitation of renewable energy, whereas the intermittence and fluctuation of renewable energy necessitate the deployment of high-performance and cost-effective energy storage technology. Aqueous organic flow battery (AOFB) is a novel system with decoupled capacity and power, which stores energy in organic redox-active species and can be easily scaled-up, thereby promising low-cost energy storage solution. Organic electrolytes are composed of earth-abundant molecules, and their electrochemical properties, including potential, water solubility, and chemical stability, could be tuned through function-oriented molecular engineering. Herein, we summarize the developed negolyte molecules and posolyte molecules for AOFBs and the consideration beneath molecular design and modification. We also discuss the calculation methods that might facilitate the development of organic electrolytes. Finally, we make a short conclusion, present the challenges, and suggest future directions for the design of robust organic electrolytes toward advanced AOFBs.

人类社会对能源的需求不断增长，促进了可再生能源的利用，而可再生能源的间歇性和波动性则要求部署高性能和具有成本效益的储能技术。水性有机液流电池（AOFB）是一种容量与功率相互分离的新型系统，可以将能量存储在有机氧化还原活性物质中，并且可以轻松按比例放大，从而有望成为低成本的能量存储解决方案。有机电解质由丰富的地球分子组成，可以通过功能导向的分子工程来调节其电化学性质，包括电势，水溶性和化学稳定性。在这里，我们总结了AOFBs的发展的negolyte分子和sosolyte分子以及在分子设计和修饰下的考虑。我们还将讨论可能有助于开发有机电解质的计算方法。最后，我们做出一个简短的结论，提出挑战，并为面向高级AOFB的鲁棒性有机电解质设计提出未来的方向。