In recent years, the analysis of the community response in case of disastrous events has become a research topic of paramount relevance due to the increasing number of calamities like flooding, hurricanes, and earthquakes. In particular, the possibility to use computer simulations to model and study the behavior of thousands of people during an emergency evacuation can provide valuable information to support many processes involved in emergency management. To this end, this work presents IdealCity, a hybrid model for evacuation simulation that couples the representation of the built environment and the transportation network with an agent-based simulation of the urban population. IdealCity can estimate the buildings’ damages and debris generated by a seismic event along with their effects on the other model layers (the agents and the roads). Besides that, the simulation takes into consideration as well the emergency response system by modeling shelters, hospitals, and ambulances (each of which has a specific behavior within the environment). The model has been implemented and tested in a challenging test-bed that considers about 900,000 individuals, four different seismic scenarios, and three different times of the day. Results show that IdealCity can be used not only for predicting the population response but also for allowing decision-makers to estimate and intervene on critical response parameters, thus improving the inherent community resilience.

近年来，由于洪水，飓风和地震等灾难的发生，对灾难事件发生时社区反应的分析已成为最重要的研究主题。特别是，在紧急疏散期间使用计算机模拟来建模和研究数千人的行为的可能性可以提供有价值的信息，以支持应急管理中涉及的许多过程。为此，这项工作提出了IdealCity，这是一种用于疏散模拟的混合模型，该模型将建筑环境和交通网络的表示与基于人口的基于代理的模拟相结合。IdealCity可以估计建筑物因地震事件而造成的破坏和碎片，以及它们对其他模型层（代理和道路）的影响。除此之外，通过对避难所，医院和救护车（每种在环境中都有特定行为）进行建模，该模拟还考虑了应急系统。该模型已在具有挑战性的试验台中实施和测试，该试验台考虑了大约90万个人，四种不同的地震情况以及一天中的三种不同时间。结果表明，IdealCity不仅可以用于预测人口反应，还可以使决策者估算和干预关键反应参数，从而提高社区固有的适应力。该模型已在具有挑战性的试验台中实施和测试，该试验台考虑了大约90万个人，四种不同的地震情况以及一天中的三种不同时间。结果表明，IdealCity不仅可以用于预测人口反应，还可以使决策者估算和干预关键反应参数，从而提高社区固有的适应力。该模型已在具有挑战性的试验台中实施和测试，该试验台考虑了大约90万个人，四种不同的地震情况以及一天中的三种不同时间。结果表明，IdealCity不仅可以用于预测人口反应，还可以使决策者估算和干预关键反应参数，从而提高社区固有的适应力。