Babesia microti is a protozoan that mainly parasitizes rodent and human erythrocytes. B. microti infection can result in changes in the expression levels of various proteins in the host serum. To explore the mechanism underlying the regulation of serum proteins by the host during B. microti infection, this study used a data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomic approach to perform comprehensive quantitative proteomic analysis on the serum of B. microti-infected mice. We identified and analysed 333 serum proteins during the infectious stage and recovery stage within 30 days of infection by B. microti in mice. Through quantitative analysis, we found 57 proteins differentially expressed in the infection stage and 69 proteins differentially expressed in the recovery stage. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were mainly concentrated in organelles, cell parts, and extracellular regions that are mainly involved in immune system, metabolic, and cellular processes. Additionally, the differentially expressed proteins mainly had catalytic activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that many of the differentially expressed proteins participate in the complement and coagulation cascade reaction, including complement C3, complement FP, and coagulation factor XII. The results of this study can provide more information for the selection of biomarkers for the early clinical monitoring of babesiosis and help in the treatment of babesiosis.

微小巴贝虫是原生动物，主要寄生于啮齿动物和人的红细胞。微小芽孢杆菌感染可导致宿主血清中各种蛋白质表达水平的变化。为了探索宿主在小肠弯曲杆菌感染过程中调节血清蛋白的机制，本研究使用了数据独立获取（DIA）定量蛋白质组学方法对感染小肠弯曲杆菌的小鼠血清进行了全面的定量蛋白质组学分析。我们确定并分析了感染小肠杆菌后30天内感染期和恢复期的333种血清蛋白在小鼠中。通过定量分析，我们发现在感染阶段差异表达的57种蛋白质和在恢复阶段差异表达的69种蛋白质。生物信息学分析表明，这些差异表达的蛋白质主要集中在细胞器，细胞部分和细胞外区域，这些区域主要参与免疫系统，代谢和细胞过程。另外，差异表达的蛋白质主要具有催化活性。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）途径分析表明，许多差异表达的蛋白质都参与补体和凝血级联反应，包括补体C3，补体FP和凝血因子XII。