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Effect of parental phenotype on dispersal, growth and maturation of offspring in wild masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou)
Evolutionary Ecology ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s10682-020-10098-2
Toshiaki Yamamoto , Shigeru Kitanishi , Neil B. Metcalfe

Offspring traits are influenced by complex interactions among parent genotypes and phenotypes. However, ecological studies of these effects have tended to focus on one of either maternal or paternal influences. In this study, we investigated the effects of both parental phenotypes on offspring dispersal, growth and early sexual maturity in masu salmon. We used wild-caught parental fish in a half-sib mating design that allowed comparison of offspring from males of two different life-history types (precocious males that had lived only in fresh water and anadromous males that had migrated to the sea). These males were mated with anadromous females and the eggs planted in natural streams in three different years. Natal dispersal distance depended on offspring sex, body size and paternal life history: female offspring moved further downstream than males, whilst daughters of precocious fathers tended to move further downstream than those of anadromous sires. There was a maternal effect on offspring growth, with larger eggs resulting in larger offspring at least until these became precociously mature at the end of the first summer. However, while faster growing male offspring were more likely to become precociously mature, there was no evidence that the probability of precocious maturation was influenced by parental life history. We conclude that, although body size of young salmon was significantly influenced by egg size and there were sex differences in dispersal, their growth rate and divergence in life history types were mainly environmentally driven.

中文翻译:

亲本表型对野生马苏鲑鱼(Oncorhynchus masou)后代扩散、生长和成熟的影响

后代性状受亲本基因型和表型之间复杂相互作用的影响。然而,对这些影响的生态研究往往侧重于母体或父体的影响之一。在这项研究中,我们调查了两种亲本表型对 masu 鲑鱼的后代扩散、生长和早期性成熟的影响。我们在半同胞交配设计中使用了野生捕获的亲本鱼,该设计允许比较两种不同生活史类型的雄性(仅生活在淡水中的早熟雄性和迁徙到海中的溯河性雄性)的后代。这些雄性与溯河的雌性交配,卵在三个不同的年份种植在自然溪流中。出生的传播距离取决于后代的性别、体型和父亲的生活史:雌性后代比雄性更向下游移动,而早熟父亲的女儿往往比溯源父亲的后代更向下游移动。母体对后代的生长有影响,较大的卵子会产生较大的后代,至少直到它们在第一个夏天结束时早熟。然而,虽然生长速度更快的雄性后代更有可能早熟,但没有证据表明早熟的可能性受到父母生活史的影响。我们得出的结论是,虽然幼鲑鱼的体型受卵大小的显着影响,并且在传播方面存在性别差异,但它们的生长速度和生活史类型的差异主要受环境驱动。而早熟父亲的女儿往往比溯源父亲的女儿更向下游移动。母体对后代的生长有影响,较大的卵子会产生较大的后代,至少直到它们在第一个夏天结束时早熟。然而,虽然生长速度更快的雄性后代更有可能早熟,但没有证据表明早熟的可能性受到父母生活史的影响。我们得出的结论是,虽然幼鲑鱼的体型受卵大小的显着影响,并且在传播方面存在性别差异,但它们的生长速度和生活史类型的差异主要受环境驱动。而早熟父亲的女儿往往比溯源父亲的女儿更向下游移动。母体对后代的生长有影响,较大的卵产生较大的后代,至少直到它们在第一个夏天结束时早熟。然而,虽然生长速度更快的雄性后代更有可能早熟,但没有证据表明早熟的可能性受到父母生活史的影响。我们得出的结论是,虽然幼鲑鱼的体型受卵大小的显着影响,并且分布存在性别差异,但它们的生长速度和生活史类型的差异主要受环境驱动。更大的卵产生更大的后代,至少直到它们在第一个夏天结束时早熟。然而,虽然生长速度更快的雄性后代更有可能早熟,但没有证据表明早熟的可能性受到父母生活史的影响。我们得出的结论是,虽然幼鲑鱼的体型受卵大小的显着影响,并且在传播方面存在性别差异,但它们的生长速度和生活史类型的差异主要受环境驱动。更大的卵产生更大的后代,至少直到它们在第一个夏天结束时早熟。然而,虽然生长速度更快的雄性后代更有可能早熟,但没有证据表明早熟的可能性受到父母生活史的影响。我们得出的结论是,虽然幼鲑鱼的体型受卵大小的显着影响,并且在传播方面存在性别差异,但它们的生长速度和生活史类型的差异主要受环境驱动。
更新日期:2021-01-02
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