In the summer of 2018, Kīlauea Volcano underwent one of its most significant eruptions in the past few hundred years. The volcano’s summit and East Rift Zone magma system partially drained, resulting in a series of occasionally explosive partial caldera collapses, and widespread lava flows in the lower East Rift Zone. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) operates a robust permanent monitoring network of about 250 stations, recording a variety of real‐time data streams: seismic (short‐period, broadband, strong‐motion), infrasound, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), tilt, camera, laser rangefinder, and gas geochemistry. During the eruption, HVO staff quickly established 35 new temporary monitoring stations, to better constrain evolving volcanic hazards. The partial collapses of the caldera threatened to disrupt important telemetry links in the HVO monitoring network, and a major effort was undertaken in the midst of the eruption crisis to reroute radio telemetry and maintain continuity of data flow. In the process, a new data center was established in Hilo, to mitigate a long‐standing potential single point of failure at the HVO facility. Over the course of the eruption from May through August, lava, ashfall, wildfire, and cliff collapse destroyed or disabled 36 stations. Thousands of earthquakes damaged the main HVO facility at Uēkahuna Bluff, causing staff to evacuate the building and relocate observatory operations in the midst of the eruption response, adding more complexity to the response effort. Throughout these events, the HVO team maintained the monitoring network, provided timely information to the public and emergency managers, and collected valuable scientific data to better understand Kīlauea Volcano.

中文翻译：

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在2018年基拉韦厄火山爆发期间监控网络变化

2018年夏天，基拉韦厄火山经历了过去几百年来最重大的喷发之一。火山的山顶和东裂谷的岩浆系统被部分排干，导致一系列偶发的爆炸性部分破火山口坍塌，并且在东裂谷的下部有广泛的熔岩流。夏威夷火山天文台（HVO）运行着约250个站的强大永久监控网络，记录了各种实时数据流：地震（短周期，宽带，强运动），次声，全球导航卫星系统（GNSS） ，倾斜，相机，激光测距仪和天然气地球化学。在喷发期间，HVO工作人员迅速建立了35个新的临时监测站，以更好地控制不断演变的火山灾害。破火山口的部分塌陷有可能破坏HVO监视网络中的重要遥测链路，并且在喷发危机期间做出了巨大的努力来重新布置无线电遥测并保持数据流的连续性。在此过程中，在希洛建立了一个新的数据中心，以减轻HVO设施长期存在的潜在单点故障。在5月到8月的喷发过程中，熔岩，火山灰，野火和悬崖塌陷摧毁了36个站点，使它们失去了功能。成千上万的地震损坏了UēkahunaBluff的主要HVO设施，导致工作人员在喷发反应期间撤离了建筑物并搬迁了天文台作业，这增加了响应工作的复杂性。在这些事件中，HVO团队维护了监控网络，