Throughout history, humankind has distinguished itself by its application of intelligence to solve critical problems and overcome innate limitations. Though one often thinks of intelligence as an individual trait such as high IQ or education level, the story of intelligence is equally about the development of collective cognitive capabilities and enhancers that enable the advancement of society. These capabilities, such as verbal and written language, calendars, physics and the internet, provide a distinct evolutionary advantage leading to disruptive step changes in both individual and societal intelligence. This article articulates the evolution of capabilities like these throughout human history and shows how historical patterns foretell future trends that serve to direct current research aimed at augmenting human intelligence.

中文翻译：

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增强智能的未来

在整个历史上，人类通过应用智能来解决关键问题和克服先天局限性而脱颖而出。尽管人们经常将智力视为高智商或受教育程度之类的个人特质，但智力的故事同样涉及集体认知能力和促进社会发展的促进剂的发展。这些功能，例如口头和书面语言，日历，物理学和互联网，提供了明显的进化优势，导致个人和社会智力的颠覆性变化。本文阐述了人类历史上类似能力的发展，并展示了历史模式如何预示未来趋势，这些趋势将指导旨在增强人类智能的当前研究。