The present work demonstrates a miniaturized 3D printed Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing platform with Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG) based Open Bipolar Electrodes (OBEs). To fabricate OBEs, polyimide (PI) substrate has been used as it provides properties like low-cost fabrication, high selectivity, great stability, easy reproducibility, cost-effectiveness and rapid prototyping. Moreover, graphene can be created on PI in a single step during the ablation of the CO ₂ laser. Android smartphone was efficiently used to sense ECL signals as well as to drive the required voltage to the OBEs. With the optimized parameters, the imaging system was successfully used to detect Hydrogen Peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ) with a linear range of 1 $\mu \text{M}$ to $100~\mu \text{M}$ and detection of limit (LOD) $5.8729~\mu \text{M}$ (R ² = 0.9449, n = 3). In addition, the detection of glucose has been carried out with a linear range of $1~\mu \text{M}$ to $100~\mu \text{M}$ and detection of limit (LOD) $0.138~\mu \text{M}$ (R ² = 0.9875, n = 3). Further, real samples were tested to manifest the workability of the platform for random samples. Overall, the developed low-cost, rapidly realized and the miniaturized system can be used in many biomedical applications, environmental monitoring and point-of-care testings.

中文翻译：

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具有用于多重生物传感的激光诱导石墨烯电极的小型化电化学发光平台

目前的工作展示了一个小型化的 3D 打印电化学发光 (ECL) 传感平台，该平台具有基于激光诱导石墨烯 (LIG) 的开放双极电极 (OBE)。为了制造 OBE，聚酰亚胺 (PI) 基板已被使用，因为它具有制造成本低、选择性高、稳定性好、易于重现、成本效益和快速原型制作等特性。此外，可以在 CO ₂激光烧蚀过程中一步在 PI 上生成石墨烯 。Android 智能手机被有效地用于感应 ECL 信号以及将所需的电压驱动到 OBE。优化参数后，成像系统成功检测过氧化氢（H ₂ O ₂ ），线性范围为1 $\mu \text{M}$ 到 $100~\mu \text{M}$ 和检测限（LOD） $5.8729~\mu\text{M}$ （R ² = 0.9449，n = 3）。此外，葡萄糖的检测已在线性范围内进行 $1~\mu \text{M}$ 到 $100~\mu \text{M}$ 和检测限（LOD） $0.138~\mu \text{M}$ （R ² = 0.9875，n = 3）。此外，对真实样品进行了测试，以证明平台对随机样品的适用性。总体而言，开发的低成本、快速实现和小型化的系统可用于许多生物医学应用、环境监测和即时检验。