Cascaded H-bridge topology has been used in grid-tied converters for battery energy storage system due to its modular structure. To fully utilize the converter's modularity, this article proposes a hierarchical distributed control architecture that consists of primary control, secondary control, and battery state-of-charge (SOC) balancing control. Primary control ensures accurate current tracking, whereas a distributed secondary control based on consensus algorithm is presented to regulate power sharing among modules and is proved to be stable theoretically. A distributed SOC balancing control is further introduced to improve energy efficiency of battery energy storage system. Finally, the hierarchical distributed control strategy is implemented using hardware controllers and a software platform. Besides, a carrier phase shift control is also implemented to achieve multilevel output voltage and harmonic reduction. The experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed control scheme effectively.

中文翻译：

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具有集成电池储能的级联 H 桥转换器的分布式控制架构

由于其模块化结构，级联 H 桥拓扑已被用于电池储能系统的并网转换器。为了充分利用转换器的模块化，本文提出了一种分层分布式控制架构，该架构由初级控制、次级控制和电池充电状态 (SOC) 平衡控制组成。初级控制确保准确的电流跟踪，而基于共识算法的分布式次级控制被提出来调节模块之间的功率共享，并在理论上被证明是稳定的。进一步引入分布式SOC平衡控制以提高电池储能系统的能量效率。最后，使用硬件控制器和软件平台实现分层分布式控制策略。除了，还实施了载波相移控制，以实现多电平输出电压和谐波降低。实验结果有效地证明了所提出的控制方案的性能。