In this study, an optimal mixture of loess brick clays and waste coal dust in laboratory hollow blocks production is determined with the aim of promoting sustainable development in terms of saving resources and energy. The novelty of the work lies in the first-time utilization of waste coal dust in combination with loess soil brick-making thus bolstering European effort on waste utilization. The mentioned is also in line with UN sustainable development goals, SDG 12 and 9. The chemical and mineralogical contents of the clays were obtained using various chemical characterization methods, and thermal behavior by using dilatometry and simultaneous DSC/TG analysis. The important ceramic and technological characteristics of the extruded brick clay and waste coal dust composite samples during molding, drying, and firing were obtained. The chosen mixture of 70 % calcareous clay and 30 % plastic clay to 3 % of high-calorie waste coal dust is found optimal. Industrial-scale optimal blocks (250x190x190 mm³) with 60 % of vertical voids were fired in a tunnel kiln, and the firing regime was recorded. It is determined that the regime must be corrected in the firing and cooling zone since the differences measured by thermo-couples were up to 180 °C. The industrial prototype was found to be of satisfactory quality meeting the requirements of water absorption and compressive strength as per European and other international standards. The study was first of a kind detailed characterization of the industrial size bricks encompassing waste coal dust and loess brick clays, with the emphasis on the usability in the industry, and additionally recording and correcting of the firing regime in a tunnel kiln. The product is recyclable and can be disposed of safely after the end of life.

本研究确定了实验室空心砌块生产中黄土砖粘土和煤粉尘的最佳混合物，目的是在节约资源和能源方面促进可持续发展。这项工作的新颖性在于首次利用废煤粉与黄土制砖相结合，从而加强了欧洲在废物利用方面的努力。提及的内容也符合联合国可持续发展目标SDG 12和9。使用各种化学表征方法获得粘土的化学和矿物学含量，并使用热膨胀法和同时进行DSC / TG分析获得热行为。获得了在成型，干燥和烧制过程中挤出的砖粘土和废煤粉复合材料样品的重要陶瓷和工艺特性。发现选择的70％钙质粘土和30％塑料粘土与3％高热量废煤粉的混合物是最佳的。工业规模的最佳块（250x190x190 mm³）在隧道窑中烧成具有垂直空隙的60％的烧成，并记录烧成状态。由于热电偶测得的差异高达180°C，因此确定必须在燃烧和冷却区域中纠正这种情况。发现该工业原型具有令人满意的质量，符合欧洲和其他国际标准的吸水和抗压强度要求。这项研究首先对包括废煤粉尘和黄土砖粘土在内的工业级砖进行了详细的表征，重点是在工业中的可用性，另外还记录并校正了隧道窑中的烧成情况。该产品可回收利用，使用寿命结束后可以安全处理。