In this work the nanocrystalline particles of BiFO₃ co-doped with ytterbium and cobalt Bi_1-xYb_xFe_1-xCo_xO₃ (x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08) were synthesized via sol-gel method. The phase purity and crystallinity of the synthesized particles were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The values of the diffraction peaks match precisely with the standard data (JCPDS card no.-71-2494). XRD data also ensures the formation of rhombohedral symmetry of R3C space group. Raman spectra over the frequency range of 800–1600 cm⁻¹ have been systematically investigated with different excitation wavelengths. For determining vibrational modes of the doped nanoparticles, Raman scattering spectra at excitation wavelengths λ = 532 nm was recorded. FESEM images reveal the fact that, x = 0.02 doping significantly reduces the grain size resulting high surface area for active sites.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was also carried out to estimate the compositions and the valence states of elements in Bi_1-xYb_xCo_xFe_1-xO₃ (x = 0.04, and 0.06) nanoparticles. The substitution of Yb³⁺ and Co²⁺ ions in BFO nanocrystalline samples, improves the magnetic and photocatalytic properties. The entire range of visible light wavelength absorption is observed in all the synthesized nanoparticles and were analysed by UV–Visible absorption spectroscopy. The energy band gap was found to be ~2.30 eV for pure BFO, which get altered by Yb³⁺ and Co²⁺ substitution and found to be ~1.88 eV in case of Bi_0.94Yb_0.06Fe_0.94Co_0.06O₃ nanoparticle. The photocatalytic properties get enhanced with the substitution of Yb³⁺and Co²⁺ in BFO, that may be due to change in energy band gap and formation of trapping sight, which results into increase in the number of electron hole pair and hence improve the photocatalytic properties.

在这项工作中，通过溶胶-凝胶法合成了掺有and和钴Bi _1-x Yb _x Fe _1-x Co _x O ₃（x = 0.0，0.02，0.04，0.06，0.08）的BiFO ₃纳米晶体颗粒。。通过X射线衍射（XRD）技术检查了合成颗粒的相纯度和结晶度。衍射峰的值与标准数据精确匹配（JCPDS卡号-71-2494）。XRD数据还确保了R3C空间群的菱形对称性的形成。拉曼光谱在800–1600 cm ^-1的频率范围内已经用不同的激发波长进行了系统的研究。为了确定掺杂的纳米颗粒的振动模式，记录了激发波长λ= 532 nm的拉曼散射光谱。FESEM图像揭示了x = 0.02掺杂会显着减小晶粒尺寸从而导致活性位点高表面积的事实。还进行了X射线光电子能谱（XPS）估算Bi _1-中元素的组成和价态_x Yb _x Co _x Fe _1-x O ₃（x = 0.04和0.06）纳米粒子。Yb ³⁺和Co ²⁺的取代BFO纳米晶体样品中的离子可改善磁性和光催化性能。在所有合成的纳米颗粒中均观察到可见光波长吸收的整个范围，并通过紫外可见吸收光谱法进行了分析。发现纯BFO的能带隙为〜2.30 eV，被Yb ³⁺和Co ²⁺取代而改变，对于Bi _0.94 Yb _0.06 Fe _0.94 Co _0.06 O ₃纳米粒子，其能带隙为〜1.88 eV 。Yb ³⁺和Co ²⁺的取代提高了光催化性能 在BFO中，这可能是由于能带隙的变化和俘获视域的形成，这导致电子空穴对的数量增加，从而改善了光催化性能。