The reduction of the Nile River Nile flow to Egypt is expected due to the construction and potential improper filling of various projects in the Nile River basin such as the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). Therefore, this research investigates the potential impacts of the GERD on the groundwater level in the Nile Valley aquifer in El-Minia Governorate. Three filling scenarios of 2, 3 and 6 years for the GERD reservoir were simulated under three different flow conditions from the Blue Nile including normal flow (NF), minimum of average flow (MAF) and minimum flow (MF) that arriving Nasser Lake. The results indicated that GWLs decreased by 1.41, 1.76, and 2.21 m for NF, MAF, and MF compared to the base case (BC) for first scenario of two years filling of GERD reservoir, respectively, while for the other two scenarios, the reductions in GWLs were lesser. The tested several management scenarios to satisfy the irrigation demand of the study area revealed that all the simulated scenarios showed an adverse impact of GERD on the deterioration of the Nile Valley aquifer, El-Minia, Egypt. We highlighted the importance of adopting a win–win situation between Eastern Nile Countries and Egypt to minimize the severe adverse GERD's filling impact on groundwater in the Nile Valley aquifer.

由于尼罗河流域的各种项目（例如大埃塞俄比亚复兴大坝（GERD））的建设和潜在的不适当填充，预计尼罗河向埃及的流入量将减少。因此，本研究调查了GERD对El-Minia省尼罗河谷含水层中地下水位的潜在影响。在来自Blue Nile的三种不同流量条件下模拟了GERD水库的2年，3年和6年的三种充填情景，包括正常流量（NF），到达纳赛尔湖的平均流量（MAF）的最小值和最小流量（MF）的情况。结果表明，与GERD储层两年充注的第一个方案的基本情况（BC）相比，NF，MAF和MF的GWL分别减少了1.41、1.76和2.21 m，而其他两个方案的GWL分别比基本情况（BC）减小了。GWL的减少幅度较小。对满足该研究区灌溉需求的几种管理方案进行了测试，结果表明，所有模拟方案均显示GERD对埃及El-Minia尼罗河谷含水层的恶化有不利影响。我们强调了在东尼罗河国家和埃及之间采取双赢局面的重要性，以最大程度地降低GERD对尼罗河谷含水层中地下水的严重不利影响。