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Leveraging Deep Learning in Global 24/7 Real‐Time Earthquake Monitoring at the National Earthquake Information Center
Seismological Research Letters ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1785/0220200178
William Luther Yeck 1 , John M. Patton 1 , Zachary E. Ross 2 , Gavin P. Hayes 1 , Michelle R. Guy 1 , Nick B. Ambruz 1 , David R. Shelly 1 , Harley M. Benz 1 , Paul S. Earle 1
Affiliation  

Machine‐learning algorithms continue to show promise in their application to seismic processing. The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) is exploring the adoption of these tools to aid in simultaneous local, regional, and global real‐time earthquake monitoring. As a first step, we describe a simple framework to incorporate deep‐learning tools into NEIC operations. Automatic seismic arrival detections made from standard picking methods (e.g., short‐term average/long‐term average [STA/LTA]) are fed to trained neural network models to improve automatic seismic‐arrival (pick) timing and estimate seismic‐arrival phase type and source‐station distances. These additional data are used to improve the capabilities of the NEIC associator. We compile a dataset of 1.3 million seismic‐phase arrivals that represent a globally distributed set of source‐station paths covering a range of phase types, magnitudes, and source distances. We train three separate convolutional neural network models to predict arrival time onset, phase type, and distance. We validate the performance of the trained networks on a subset of our existing dataset and further extend validation by exploring the model performance when applied to NEIC automatic pick data feeds. We show that the information provided by these models can be useful in downstream event processing, specifically in seismic‐phase association, resulting in reduced false associations and improved location estimates.

中文翻译:

在国家地震信息中心的全球24/7实时地震监测中利用深度学习

机器学习算法在地震处理中的应用继续显示出希望。美国地质调查局国家地震信息中心(NEIC)正在探索采用这些工具来帮助同时进行本地,区域和全球实时地震监测。第一步,我们描述了一个简单的框架,可将深度学习工具整合到NEIC操作中。通过标准拣选方法(例如,短期平均/长期平均[STA / LTA])进行自动地震到达检测,将其输入经过训练的神经网络模型中,以改善自动地震到达(拾取)时间并估算地震到达阶段类型和源站距离。这些附加数据用于提高NEIC关联器的功能。我们编译一个数据集1。300万地震相到达代表了震源站路径的全球分布,涵盖了各种相类型,震级和震源距离。我们训练了三个独立的卷积神经网络模型,以预测到达时间的开始,相位类型和距离。我们在现有数据集的子集上验证训练网络的性能,并通过将模型性能应用于NEIC自动选取数据提要时进一步扩展验证范围。我们表明,这些模型提供的信息可用于下游事件处理,特别是在地震相位关联中,从而减少了错误关联并改善了位置估计。我们训练了三个独立的卷积神经网络模型,以预测到达时间的开始,相位类型和距离。我们在现有数据集的子集上验证训练网络的性能,并通过将模型性能应用于NEIC自动选取数据提要时进一步扩展验证范围。我们表明,这些模型提供的信息可用于下游事件处理,特别是在地震相位关联中,从而减少了错误关联并改善了位置估计。我们训练了三个独立的卷积神经网络模型,以预测到达时间的开始,相位类型和距离。我们在现有数据集的子集上验证训练网络的性能,并通过将模型性能应用于NEIC自动选取数据提要时进一步扩展验证范围。我们表明,这些模型提供的信息可用于下游事件处理,特别是在地震相位关联中,从而减少了错误关联并改善了位置估计。
更新日期:2020-12-31
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