The preservation of architectural heritage represents a major asset for economic development in several countries. Nevertheless, its protection remains a complex task due to its high vulnerability, especially in seismic zones. The intervention on the historical buildings requires the creation of a numerical and digital support shared by the different building specialists (architects, conservators, engineers, designers), which can contain all of the data relating to the construction. This will allow to ensure not only a better interchangeability between the different disciplines but also a correct and coherent conception and execution of the interventions. The introduction of 3D digitization tools, particularly the 3D laser scanner, plays a major role during the realization of the architectural survey. Indeed, the use of the architectural modeling software based on Building Information Modeling and Non-Uniform Rational Basis Spline allows first of all to move from the point cloud to an accurate 3D numerical model exploitable for various types of analysis, such as structural analysis, building archeology analysis, and thermal analysis. We propose through this article an unprecedented application of the 3D laser scanner on an example of vernacular architecture, constituting a truly unique type of “Medina.” The object of the study is an aggregate composed of five houses, falling inside the Kasbah of Algiers, which since 1992 has been classified as “universal heritage” by UNESCO. The architectural survey is followed by a demonstration of numerical modelling based on 10 grades of generation using two categories of software founded mainly on Building Information Modeling and Non-Uniform Rational Basis Spline. Two kinds of numerical models are obtained: a first architectural model will be exploited during the building archaeology principally based on the 3D scanning results and a second structural model that will be used for structural analysis through a Finite Element Analysis software.

中文翻译：

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从点云到 HBIM 再到 FEA，以乡土建筑为例

保护建筑遗产是一些国家经济发展的一项重要资产。然而，由于其高度脆弱性，特别是在地震带，其保护仍然是一项复杂的任务。对历史建筑的干预需要创建由不同建筑专家（建筑师、保护人员、工程师、设计师）共享的数字和数字支持，其中可以包含与建筑相关的所有数据。这不仅可以确保不同学科之间更好的互换性，还可以确保干预措施的正确和连贯的概念和执行。3D 数字化工具的引入，尤其是 3D 激光扫描仪，在建筑测量的实现过程中发挥着重要作用。确实，使用基于建筑信息模型和非均匀有理基础样条的建筑建模软件首先允许从点云移动到可用于各种类型分析的精确 3D 数值模型，例如结构分析、建筑考古分析和热分析。我们通过这篇文章提出了一种前所未有的 3D 激光扫描仪在乡土建筑示例上的应用，构成了真正独特的“麦地那”类型。研究的对象是由五座房屋组成的集合体，位于阿尔及尔古堡内，自 1992 年以来，该城堡已被联合国教科文组织列为“世界遗产”。建筑调查之后是使用主要基于建筑信息模型和非均匀有理基础样条的两类软件的基于 10 级生成的数值建模演示。获得了两种数值模型：第一种建筑模型将在建筑考古期间主要基于 3D 扫描结果进行利用，第二种结构模型将用于通过有限元分析软件进行结构分析。