Decades of research has stunned us with the very distinctive anatomy and physiology of our brain, and on the other hand, its complexity has always posed great difficulty in treating its dysfunction or damage. Understanding the brain under normal and, particularly in the diseased state, has always been very challenging and would have been impossible without proteomics. Neuroproteomic techniques have been extensively used for unraveling both dynamics and content of the proteome of our nervous system. This modern-day investigation and quantification of protein concentration and expression have given us a platform that enhances our knowledge on disease-associated processes and pathways modification and also leads to the identification of possible biomarkers that can be therapeutically targeted. With an increased interest in identifying and targeting possible biomarkers, this article focuses on describing applications of the much discussed neuroproteomics, with a significant role in the disease pathogenesis of some very common neurological disorders. This article will collectively discuss the use and relevance of neuroproteomics in a range of neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and psychiatric disorders. We have also attempted to present the current successes and failures of the neuroproteomics approach on the results obtained from different clinical studies that targeted biomarkers associated with any particular neurological disorder.

数十年来的研究使我们大脑的非常独特的解剖结构和生理学震惊了我们，另一方面，其复杂性始终给治疗其功能障碍或损害带来了很大的困难。要了解正常状态下，尤其是处于患病状态下的大脑，一直是非常具有挑战性的，没有蛋白质组学就不可能做到。神经蛋白质组学技术已被广泛用于揭示神经系统蛋白质组的动力学和内容。当今对蛋白质浓度和表达进行的调查和定量分析为我们提供了一个平台，可增强我们对疾病相关过程和途径修饰的认识，还可以识别可治疗性靶向的生物标志物。随着人们对识别和靶向可能的生物标记物的兴趣日益浓厚，本文着重于描述广为讨论的神经蛋白质组学的应用，在一些非常常见的神经系统疾病的发病机理中起着重要作用。本文将共同讨论神经蛋白质组学在一系列神经系统疾病中的用途和相关性，例如阿尔茨海默氏病，帕金森氏病，多发性硬化症，癫痫和精神病。我们还尝试根据针对与任何特定神经系统疾病相关的生物标记物的不同临床研究获得的结果，介绍神经蛋白质组学方法的当前成功与失败。在某些非常常见的神经系统疾病的发病机理中起重要作用。本文将共同讨论神经蛋白质组学在一系列神经系统疾病中的用途和相关性，例如阿尔茨海默氏病，帕金森氏病，多发性硬化症，癫痫和精神病。我们还尝试根据针对与任何特定神经系统疾病相关的生物标记物的不同临床研究获得的结果，介绍神经蛋白质组学方法的当前成功与失败。在某些非常常见的神经系统疾病的发病机理中起重要作用。本文将共同讨论神经蛋白质组学在一系列神经系统疾病中的用途和相关性，例如阿尔茨海默氏病，帕金森氏病，多发性硬化症，癫痫和精神病。我们还尝试根据针对与任何特定神经系统疾病相关的生物标记物的不同临床研究获得的结果，介绍神经蛋白质组学方法的当前成功与失败。