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A Validated “Pool and Split” Approach to Screening and Optimization of Copper-Catalyzed C–N Cross-Coupling Reactions
The Journal of Organic Chemistry ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02392
Raphael R. Steimbach 1 , Philipp Kollmus 1 , Marco Santagostino 1
Affiliation  

A general method for the quick identification of effective catalytic systems for copper-catalyzed C–N cross-couplings is described. This is based on evaluating mixtures of copper sources, ancillary ligands, and bases in different solvents followed by two deconvolution procedures, which aim at identifying the most proper reagent combination in only three distinct steps. Despite being a high-throughput approach in nature, the proposed method utilizes only frugal technological platforms such as 24-well microplates while offering a screening efficiency—the number of executed experiments vs the total number of possible experiments—higher than 95%. To facilitate visualization and mining of the high-throughput experimentation (HTE) data, Visual Basic scripts have been developed, which allow streamlining the extraction of raw HPLC data into TIBCO Spotfire for the graphical display in the form of pie charts. The unique capabilities of this “pool and split” approach have been demonstrated by applying it to literature known cross-coupling reactions. In every case, the described experimental setup was validated by retrieving the original literature conditions in addition to exposing several additional solutions with a minimum number of parallel experiments. Finally, examples are provided for the successful application of this HTE screening workflow to internal projects.

中文翻译:

经过验证的“池分流”方法筛选和优化了铜催化的C–N交叉偶联反应

描述了一种快速识别铜催化的C–N交叉偶联的有效催化系统的通用方法。这是基于对铜源,辅助配体和碱在不同溶剂中的混合物进行评估,然后进行两个反卷积程序的,目的是仅在三个不同的步骤中确定最合适的试剂组合。尽管本质上是一种高通量方法,但所提出的方法仅利用节俭的技术平台(例如24孔微孔板),同时提供了筛查效率(已执行实验可能的实验总数-高于95%。为了促进高通量实验(HTE)数据的可视化和挖掘,已开发了Visual Basic脚本,该脚本允许将原始HPLC数据的提取过程简化为TIBCO Spotfire,以饼图的形式进行图形显示。通过将这种“合并和拆分”方法应用于文献中已知的交叉偶联反应,已证明了其独特的功能。在每种情况下,除了通过使用最少数量的并行实验公开几种其他解决方案外,还通过检索原始文献条件来验证所描述的实验设置。最后,提供了一些示例,可以将此HTE筛选工作流程成功应用于内部项目。
更新日期:2021-01-16
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