We have studied the possible isospin corrections on the skewness and kurtosis of net-baryon and net-charge fluctuations in the isospin asymmetric matter formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC-BES energies, based on a 3-flavor Polyakov-looped Nambu–Jona–Lasinio model. With typical scalar–isovector and vector–isovector couplings leading to the splitting of u and d quark chiral phase transition boundaries and critical points, we have observed considerable isospin effects on the susceptibilities, especially those of net-charge fluctuations. Reliable experimental measurements at even lower collision energies are encouraged to confirm the observed isospin effects.

中文翻译：

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pNJL模型的等位旋效应对重子和电荷涨落的影响

我们研究了在RHIC-BES能量下相对论重离子碰撞中形成的同位旋不对称物质中净重子和净电荷波动的偏度和峰度以及净电荷波动的可能的同位旋校正，该方法基于3种风味的Polyakov环Nambu乔纳·拉西尼奥（Jona–Lasinio）模型。在典型的标量-等矢量和矢量-等矢量耦合导致u和d夸克手性相变边界和临界点分裂的情况下，我们观察到了等电势对磁化率的影响，尤其是净电荷波动的磁化率。鼓励在更低的碰撞能量下进行可靠的实验测量，以确认观察到的同位旋效应。