Unusual Catalytic Properties of High-Energetic-Facet Polar Metal Oxides,Accounts of Chemical Research

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Unusual Catalytic Properties of High-Energetic-Facet Polar Metal Oxides
Accounts of Chemical Research ( IF 16.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00641
Yiyang Li ₁ , Shik Chi Edman Tsang ₁

Affiliation

Heterogeneous catalysis is an area of great importance not only in chemical industries but also in energy conversion and environmental technologies. It is well-established that the specific surface morphology and structure of solid catalysts exert remarkable effects on catalytic performances, since most physical and chemical processes take place on the surface during catalytic reactions. Different from the widely studied faceted metallic nanoparticles, metal oxides give more complicated structures and surface features. Great progress has been achieved in controlling the shape and exposed facets of transition metal oxides during nanocrystal growth, usually by using surface-directing agents (SDAs). However, the effects of exposed facets remain controversial among researchers. It should be noted that high-energetic facets, especially polar facets, tend to lower their surface energy via different relaxation processes, such as surface reconstruction, redox change, adsorption of countercharged species, etc. These processes can subsequently lead to surface defect formation and break the surface stoichiometry, and the resulting changes in electronic configurations and charge migration properties all play important roles in heterogeneous catalysis. Because different materials prefer different relaxation methods, various surface features are created, and different techniques are required to investigate the different features from facet to facet. Conventional characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, etc. appear to be insufficient to elucidate the underlying principles of the facet effects. Consequently, an increasing number of novel techniques have been developed to differentiate the surface features, enabling greater understanding of the effects of facets on heterogeneous catalysis.

中文翻译：

高能乙酸极性金属氧化物的异常催化性能

非均相催化不仅在化学工业中而且在能量转化和环境技术中都是非常重要的领域。众所周知，固体催化剂的特定表面形态和结构会对催化性能产生显着影响，因为大多数物理和化学过程是在催化反应过程中发生在表面上的。与广泛研究的多面金属纳米颗粒不同，金属氧化物具有更复杂的结构和表面特征。通常，通过使用表面定向剂（SDA），在控制纳米晶体生长过程中过渡金属氧化物的形状和裸露面方面已取得了巨大进展。但是，暴露面的影响在研究人员中仍然存在争议。应该注意的是，高能面，尤其是极面，趋于通过不同的弛豫过程降低表面能，例如表面重建，氧化还原变化，带电荷物质的吸附等。这些过程随后会导致表面缺陷的形成并破坏表面化学计量，从而导致电子构型和电荷的变化迁移特性均在非均相催化中起重要作用。由于不同的材料喜欢不同的松弛方法，因此创建了各种表面特征，并且需要不同的技术来研究不同的特征。诸如X射线衍射，X射线光电子能谱，透射电子显微镜等常规表征技术似乎不足以阐明刻面效应的基本原理。所以，

更新日期：2021-01-19

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