Abstract

The aim of this study was to find an indicator of plant sulfur status correlating most significantly with bioavailable sulfur in soil. The indicators of plant sulfur status in shoot biomass were: sulfur concentration, mass nitrogen to sulfur (N/S) ratio, mass phosphorus to sulfur ratio and sulfur nutrition index (SNI). The bioavailable soil sulfur was determined using water extraction (S-water), Mehlich 3 extractant (S-M3) and anion exchange membranes (S-AEMs). Results cover four years (2015–2018) of on-farm trials in the Czech Republic with winter wheat, winter oilseed rape and maize, and pot experiments including spring wheat and maize. Shoot biomass of plants was sampled at the beginning of stem elongation (winter wheat, winter rape and maize in on-farm trials), during rapid growth (maize in pot experiment) and during flowering (wheat plants, winter rape). Only soils containing 0.5%–1.7% of organic carbon were studied (median 1.31%). Compared to shoot N/S ratio, sulfur concentration in shoot biomass of maize correlated stronger with bioavailable soil sulfur. However, bioavailable sulfur in soil correlated strongest and most significantly with shoot N/S ratio of winter wheat and winter rape grown in on-farm trials. Except for winter rape grown on non-calcareous soils and maize grown in pot experiment, the shoot N/S ratio correlated more significantly with S-M3 compared to S-water and S-AEM.

摘要

这项研究的目的是找到与土壤中生物利用硫最显着相关的植物硫状况指标。枝条生物量中植物硫的状况指标为：硫浓度，氮硫质量比（N / S），磷硫质量比和硫营养指数（SNI）。使用水萃取（S-水），Mehlich 3萃取剂（S-M3）和阴离子交换膜（S-AEMs）测定可生物利用的土壤硫。结果涵盖了在捷克共和国进行的四年（2015-2018年）农场试验，其中包括冬小麦，冬油菜和玉米，以及盆栽试验，包括春小麦和玉米。在茎伸长开始时（农场试验中的冬小麦，冬油菜和玉米），快速生长期间（盆栽试验中的玉米）和开花期间（小麦植株，冬季强奸）。仅研究了有机碳含量为0.5％-1.7％的土壤（中位数为1.31％）。与茎秆N / S比相比，玉米茎秆生物量中的硫含量与可利用的土壤硫含量相关性更强。然而，在农场试验中，土壤中可生物利用的硫与冬小麦和冬油菜的地上部N / S比最强，也最显着。除了在非钙质土壤上种植的冬季油菜和在盆栽试验中种植的玉米外，与S-M3相比，与S-water和S-AEM相比，芽N / S比与S-M3的相关性更显着。在农场试验中，土壤中的生物有效性硫与冬小麦和冬油菜的地上部N / S比最强，也最显着。除了在非钙质土壤上种植的冬季油菜和在盆栽试验中种植的玉米外，与S-M3相比，与S-water和S-AEM相比，芽N / S比与S-M3的相关性更显着。在农场试验中，土壤中的生物有效性硫与冬小麦和冬油菜的地上部N / S比最强，也最显着。除了在非钙质土壤上种植的冬季油菜和在盆栽试验中种植的玉米外，与S-M3相比，与S-water和S-AEM相比，芽N / S比与S-M3的相关性更显着。