ABSTRACT

Introduction: The use of orthobiologics as supplemental treatment for foot and ankle pathologies have increased in the past decades. They have been used to improve the healing of bone and soft tissue injuries. There have been several studies that examined the use of biologics for knee and hip pathologies but the foot and ankle construct has unique features that must be considered.

Areas covered: The biologics for foot and ankle injuries that are covered in this review are platelet-rich plasma (PRP), stem cells, growth factors, hyaluronic acid, bone grafts, bone substitutes, and scaffolds. These modalities are used in the treatment of pathologies related to tendon and soft tissue as well as cartilage.

Expert opinion: The utilization of biological adjuncts for improved repair and regeneration of ankle injuries represents a promising future in our efforts to address difficult clinical problems. The application of concentrated bone marrow and PRP each represents the most widely studied and commonly used injection therapies with early clinical studies demonstrating promising results, research is also being done using other potential therapies such as stem cells and growth factors; further investigation and outcome data are still needed.

摘要

简介：在过去的几十年中，使用矫形生物制品作为足部和踝部病变的补充治疗方法有所增加。它们已被用于改善骨骼和软组织损伤的愈合。有几项研究检查了使用生物制剂治疗膝关节和髋关节病变，但足踝结构具有必须考虑的独特特征。

涵盖的领域：本综述涵盖的足踝损伤生物制剂包括富血小板血浆 (PRP)、干细胞、生长因子、透明质酸、骨移植物、骨替代物和支架。这些方式用于治疗与肌腱和软组织以及软骨相关的病理。

专家意见：利用生物辅助剂改善踝关节损伤的修复和再生，在我们解决临床难题的努力中代表着一个充满希望的未来。浓缩骨髓和 PRP 的应用各自代表了最广泛研究和常用的注射疗法，早期临床研究显示出有希望的结果，也正在使用其他潜在疗法进行研究，例如干细胞和生长因子；仍需要进一步的调查和结果数据。