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Design, analysis, and real‐time validation of type‐2 fractional order fuzzy PID controller for energy storage–based microgrid frequency regulation
International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1002/2050-7038.12766 Srinivasan Kullapadayachi Govindaraju 1 , Raghuraman Sivalingam 1
International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1002/2050-7038.12766 Srinivasan Kullapadayachi Govindaraju 1 , Raghuraman Sivalingam 1
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The indeterminate characteristics of solar, wind sources, and load make modern AC microgrids highly complex and cause frequency fluctuations. It is very much required to maintain power equilibrium among generation and demand by planning a suitable frequency regulation controller. Henceforth, this research presents a maiden application of a hybrid Harris hawks optimization and pattern Search s (hHHO‐PS)‐based type‐2 fractional order fuzzy PID (T2FFOPID) controller for frequency regulation of an AC microgrid. Initially, a PID controller is considered, and the effectiveness of hHHO‐PS technique is compared with original Harris hawks optimization (HHO) as well as genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) techniques. In the next stage, superiority of proposed T2FFOPID over PID, type‐1 fuzzy PID (T1FPID), and fuzzy fractional order PID (T1FFOPID) controller is demonstrated. To authenticate the effectiveness of the suggested control method, different load disturbances as well as various rates of solar and wind sources penetration have been considered. The suggested control approach displays significant improvement in dynamic responses with fast damping of oscillations. Investigations of results affirm the better performance of T2FFOPID over other controllers regarding minutest error criteria and undershoot/overshoot of frequency deviations at various disturbances. Additionally, sensitivity analysis validates the robust conduct of T2FFOPID controller under variations parameters and communication delay. Finally, the MATLAB simulation results are validated in the OPAL‐RT OP5700 RCP/HIL FPGA real‐time simulator for practical feasibility of the proposed work.
中文翻译：
基于能量存储的微电网频率调节的2类分数阶模糊PID控制器的设计，分析和实时验证
太阳能，风源和负载的不确定特性使现代交流微电网变得非常复杂，并导致频率波动。通过计划合适的频率调节控制器，非常需要保持发电和需求之间的功率平衡。从此以后，这项研究提出了一种基于混合Harris的Hawks优化和模式搜索（hHHO-PS）的Type-2分数阶模糊PID（T2FFOPID）控制器的初次应用，用于AC微电网的频率调节。最初，考虑使用PID控制器，并将hHHO-PS技术的有效性与原始的Harris hawks优化（HHO）以及遗传算法（GA）和粒子群优化（PSO）技术进行比较。在下一阶段，拟议的T2FFOPID优于PID，类型1模糊PID（T1FPID），对模糊分数阶PID（T1FFOPID）控制器进行了演示。为了验证所建议的控制方法的有效性，已经考虑了不同的负载干扰以及各种太阳能和风能源渗透率。所建议的控制方法显示出动态响应的显着改善，并具有快速的振荡阻尼。结果研究证实，在最小误差标准和各种干扰下频率偏差的下冲/过冲方面，T2FFOPID的性能优于其他控制器。此外，灵敏度分析验证了T2FFOPID控制器在变化参数和通信延迟下的鲁棒性。最后，
更新日期：2021-03-02
中文翻译：
基于能量存储的微电网频率调节的2类分数阶模糊PID控制器的设计，分析和实时验证
太阳能，风源和负载的不确定特性使现代交流微电网变得非常复杂，并导致频率波动。通过计划合适的频率调节控制器，非常需要保持发电和需求之间的功率平衡。从此以后，这项研究提出了一种基于混合Harris的Hawks优化和模式搜索（hHHO-PS）的Type-2分数阶模糊PID（T2FFOPID）控制器的初次应用，用于AC微电网的频率调节。最初，考虑使用PID控制器，并将hHHO-PS技术的有效性与原始的Harris hawks优化（HHO）以及遗传算法（GA）和粒子群优化（PSO）技术进行比较。在下一阶段，拟议的T2FFOPID优于PID，类型1模糊PID（T1FPID），对模糊分数阶PID（T1FFOPID）控制器进行了演示。为了验证所建议的控制方法的有效性，已经考虑了不同的负载干扰以及各种太阳能和风能源渗透率。所建议的控制方法显示出动态响应的显着改善，并具有快速的振荡阻尼。结果研究证实，在最小误差标准和各种干扰下频率偏差的下冲/过冲方面，T2FFOPID的性能优于其他控制器。此外，灵敏度分析验证了T2FFOPID控制器在变化参数和通信延迟下的鲁棒性。最后，
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