We report on electrical double‐layer capacitors (EDLCs) performing effectively at low temperature (down to −40 °C), owing to the tuned characteristics of both the ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte and carbonaceous electrodes. The transport properties of the electrolyte have been enhanced by adding a low‐viscosity IL with the tetracyanoborate anion, [EMIm][TCB], to a mixture of [EMIm][FSI] with [EMIm][BF₄], which was already successfully applied for this application. The formulated ternary electrolyte, [EMIm][FSI]_0.6[BF₄]_0.1[TCB]_0.3, remained in the liquid state until it reached the glass transition at −99 °C and displayed a relatively low viscosity and high conductivity (η=23.6 mP s and σ=14.2 mS cm⁻¹ at 20 °C, respectively). The electrodes were made of a hierarchical SiO₂‐templated carbon with well‐defined and uniform mesopores of ∼9 nm facilitating ion transport to the interconnected micropores accounted for the charge storage, whereas the high density of the electrodes promoted high volumetric energy outputs of the cells.

中文翻译：

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基于三元离子液体电解质的双层电容器，在低温下工作，具有实际的重量和体积能量输出

由于离子液体（IL）电解质和碳质电极的调谐特性，我们报告了在低温（低至-40°C）下能有效工作的双电层电容器（EDLC）。通过向[EMIm] [FSI]和[EMIm] [BF ₄ ]的混合物中加入低粘度IL和四氰基硼酸酯阴离子[EMIm] [TCB]，可以提高电解质的传输性能。成功申请了此申请。配制的三元电解质[EMIm] [FSI] _0.6 [BF ₄ ] _0.1 [TCB] _0.3保持液态，直到在-99°C达到玻璃化转变为止，并显示出较低的粘度和较高的电导率（η分别在20°C时= 23.6 mP s和σ = 14.2 mS cm ^-1）。电极由分层的SiO ₂模板碳制成，具有约9 nm的清晰均匀的中孔，有利于离子向互连微孔的迁移，从而促进了电荷存储，而电极的高密度促进了高体积能量输出。细胞。