Early‐life immune challenges and inflammation are risk factors for a range of developmental disorders. During the course of a study examining interactions between the common antipyretic acetaminophen (APAP; paracetamol) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β)‐induced inflammation in neonatal mice we observed that subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of IL‐1β often leads to significantly shorter, blunt‐tipped tails. Three times during early development, on postnatal day 5 (P5), P8, and P11, C57BL/6J pups were given s.c. injection of either .2 μg/kg IL‐1β or 5 cc/kg injection of saline vehicle followed, after a 45 min delay, by a second injection, of either 103.9 mg/kg APAP or saline. IL‐1β was observed to reduce tail length—via a blunting of the tail tip—in treated vs. untreated mice, an effect that was significant as early as P11 and persisted through the end of the study (~P74). Interestingly, IL‐1β‐induced tail blunting was significantly lessened by APAP, an interaction that may have occurred as a result of the opposing actions of APAP and IL‐1β on cyclooxygenase‐2. Although this specific hypothesis and the mechanisms underlying the effects of IL‐1β on tail length require further study, they add to the literature suggesting that IL‐1β may be a critical mediator of specific adverse effects of early‐life inflammation.

中文翻译：

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白细胞介素-1β注射导致新生小鼠尾尖丢失

生命早期的免疫挑战和炎症是一系列发育障碍的危险因素。在研究常见解热对乙酰氨基酚 (APAP; 扑热息痛) 和白介素-1β (IL-1β) 诱导的新生小鼠炎症之间相互作用的研究过程中，我们观察到皮下 (sc) 注射 IL-1β 通常导致显着缩短, 钝尖的尾巴。在早期发育过程中，在出生后第 5 天 (P5)、P8 和 P11，C57BL/6J 幼崽被皮下注射 0.2 μg/kg IL-1β 或 5 cc/kg 生理盐水载体注射 3 次，然后在延迟 45 分钟，第二次注射 103.9 mg/kg APAP 或生理盐水。观察到 IL-1β 减少尾长——通过钝化尾尖——在治疗和未治疗的小鼠中，这种效应早在 P11 就很显着，并且一直持续到研究结束 (~P74)。有趣的是，APAP 显着减轻了 IL-1β 诱导的尾部钝化，这种相互作用可能是由于 APAP 和 IL-1β 对环氧合酶-2 的相反作用而发生的。尽管这一特定假设和 IL-1β 对尾长影响的潜在机制需要进一步研究，但它们增加了文献表明 IL-1β 可能是早期炎症特定不良反应的关键介质。