The Rufiji River Delta (RRD) in Tanzania is an internationally important wetland. Subsistence mangrove rice farming (MRF) uses pesticides to combat crabs and herbicides to combat weeds. We undertook the first investigation of the dynamics of pesticide residues and hazard in farm soil, water, and sediment, during and following application. Twenty-one organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides, and the herbicide thiobencarb occurred at quantifiable concentrations. The residue profile indicated past use of organochlorine pesticides and current use of organophosphate pesticides (OPP). Residues of $\Sigma$HCH₄, $\Sigma$DDT₄, $\Sigma$OPP₅, and all residues combined ($\Sigma$All₂₁) in soils and sediments decreased significantly following application, but not for $\Sigma$Cyclodienes₇. $\Sigma$DDT₄ and $\Sigma$Cyclodienes₇ increased significantly in water following application, although this is likely related to legacy effects from upstream and not its use on MRFs. $\Sigma$OPP₅ made up 61% of $\Sigma$All₂₁ in soils, 38% in sediments, and 45% in river water during application, dropping to 4.2%, 10%, and 19%, respectively, after application. Concentrations of compounds such as dieldrin, DDT, HCH, and OPPs exceeded various safety guidelines in all matrices. There were complicated dynamics of the residues between soils, sediments, and water, reflecting the complex interactions in a tidal riverine delta environment with the chronic presence of legacy pollutants and seasonal fluxes of current use pesticides. Multivariate analyses showed compound class specific differences in dynamics between matrixes and seasons. The predictions of pollutant concentrations and effects in highly biodiverse and productive tropical deltas with increasing human and extraction pressures, overlain with the spectre of climate change will be difficult. What seems certain though is that the stresses caused by chemicals will not lessen unless managed and calls for urgent interventions and further research.

坦桑尼亚的鲁菲吉河三角洲（RRD）是国际上重要的湿地。自给自足的红树林水稻种植（MRF）使用农药防治螃蟹，使用除草剂防治杂草。我们对施用期间和施用之后农田土壤，水和沉积物中农药残留和危害的动力学进行了首次调查。二十一种有机氯和有机磷酸盐杀虫剂以及除草剂硫代苯威以可量化的浓度存在。残留特征表明过去使用过有机氯农药和当前使用过有机磷农药（OPP）。的残基$\Sigma$HCH ₄，$\Sigma$DDT ₄，$\Sigma$OPP ₅和所有残基合并（$\Sigma$施用后土壤和沉积物中的所有₂₁）均显着下降，但对于$\Sigma$环二烯₇。$\Sigma$滴滴涕₄和$\Sigma$施用后，水中的环二烯₇显着增加，尽管这很可能与上游的遗留影响有关，而不是与MRF的使用有关。$\Sigma$OPP ₅占61％$\Sigma$全部_21个施用期间土壤中的污染物，沉积物中的38％和河水中的45％，施用后分别降至4.2％，10％和19％。在所有基质中，狄氏剂，滴滴涕，六氯环己烷和OPP等化合物的浓度均超过了各种安全准则。土壤，沉积物和水之间残留物的动力学复杂，反映出潮汐河流三角洲环境中复杂的相互作用以及长期存在的传统污染物和季节性使用的农药的通量。多变量分析显示基质和季节之间动力学的化合物类别特定差异。随着人类和抽取压力的增加，以及气候变化的影响，很难预测高度生物多样性和高产热带三角洲的污染物浓度及其影响。