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Fauna, palaeoecology and ecotypes of the Early Cretaceous sediment hosted hydrothermal vent environment of Zengővárkony (Mecsek Mountains, Hungary)
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110179
László Bujtor , Jenő Nagy

The fossil biota of the upper Valanginian–lower Hauterivian sediment hosted vent (SHV) environment of Zengővárkony comprises 39 species, 55 genera and higher taxa representing seven phyla. Thirteen of these taxa are reported from Zengőrvárkony as new species or new subgenera/genera, and this high endemicity is linked to a unique palaeoenvironment. The palaeoenvironment is developed in an outer shelf epicontinental setting on an elevated block or slope, and is linked to a small sedimentary iron-ore body interbedded with pillow lavas being a result of ferriferous exhalations and biogenic processes. Biogeographically, the brachiopods indicate the Sub-Tethyan domain. Serial sectioning of brachiopods revealed a taxon-dependent rich and diverse microfauna (sponges, foraminifers, gastropods) preserved inside the shells. Internally preserved microfauna in brachiopods reveals differentiation among preventive strategies. It implies different preventive efficiencies of alternative defence strategies of higher brachiopod taxa. The unique Zengővárkony SHV environment attracted both nektonic and benthic organisms by creating different ecotopes around the hydrothermally driven bottom environment. This environment belongs to the group of rare, shelfal, hydrothermally influenced palaeoenvironments formed on continental crust. Water depth was most probably between 100 and 150 m. Recent observations from a similar modern volcanic built-up, and its effects on the marine environment located on continental crust around the Aeolian Islands (Tyrrhenian Sea) support the recognition of this fossil SHV environment and helps to understand better its bathymetry, ecological conditions and ore-formation.



中文翻译:

Zengővárkony(匈牙利Mecsek山脉)热液喷口环境的早期白垩纪沉积物的动物区系,古生态和生态型

曾格瓦科尼(Zengővárkony)的上瓦朗吉尼阶-下乌特勒夫阶沉积物寄主(SHV)环境的化石生物群包括39种,55属和更高的分类群。Zengőrvárkony报道了其中的13个类群为新物种或新的亚属/属,而这种高流行性与独特的古环境相关。古环境在高架地块或斜坡的外部陆架上陆环境中发育,并由于有铁的呼气作用和生物成因作用而与一个夹有枕状熔岩的小铁矿床相连。在生物地理学上,腕足动物表示亚特提斯域。腕足动物的连续切片揭示了壳内保存的依赖分类单元的丰富多样的微动物(海绵,有孔虫,腹足动物)。腕足动物内部保存的微动物区系揭示了预防策略之间的差异。这意味着较高的腕足类生物群的替代防御策略具有不同的预防效率。独特的ZengővárkonySHV环境通过在热液驱动的底部环境周围形成不同的生态环境,吸引了中生生物和底栖生物。这种环境属于在大陆壳上形成的罕见的,受陆架热液影响的古环境。水深最有可能在100至150 m之间。最近从类似的现代火山构造中观察到的结果及其对位于风神群岛(第勒尼安海)周围大陆壳上的海洋环境的影响,支持了对这种SHV化石环境的认识,并有助于更好地了解其测深法,

更新日期:2020-12-31
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